香港年輕人在新冠疫情期間的社交退縮傾向：

一項三波縱向研究

Young people's social withdrawal intention during COVID-19 in Hong Kong: A three-wave longitudinal study

——《精神病學研究雜誌》2025年第186卷——

Volume 186, 2025

【重點】

• 近四成受訪者在新冠疫情後有社交退縮傾向。

• 新冠疫情對心理健康的負面影響似乎與社交退縮傾向高度相關，尤其是在新冠疫情期間。

• 家庭、學校和社會在預防青少年社交退縮方面發揮着至關重要的作用。

【摘要】全球範圍內的社交隔離措施和封鎖措施可能引發並規範了“蟄居族”或長期社交退縮行為，尤其是在年輕人中。本研究旨在探討香港半封鎖期間，與新冠疫情相關的心理、家庭和學校因素，這些因素可能影響年輕人的社交退縮傾向。研究於2020年6月至2021年6月期間進行了三輪縱向調查。採用混合效應邏輯回歸分析，探討新冠疫情相關因素、心理因素、家庭和學校因素與社交退縮傾向之間的關係。來自11所學校的632名10-20歲年輕人完成了基線和後續測量。回應率為83.05%。在後續隨訪中，39.40%的受訪者表示有社交退縮傾向。37.18%的受訪者對新冠肺炎疫情感到無助。回歸模型顯示，基線時的孤獨感、母親在家工作和對新冠肺炎疫情的無助感與後續隨訪中持續的社交退縮傾向呈正相關。基線時父親在家工作、學校關係改善和第二波疫情時家庭環境改善與社交退縮傾向呈負相關。及早識別心理健康狀況不佳（尤其是孤獨感）和有社交退縮傾向的年輕人，應成為後疫情時期的優先研究和服務重點。

【關鍵詞】社交退縮傾向、蟄居族、新冠肺炎、抑鬱症、孤獨感、香港

[Highlight]

• Nearly 40 % of respondents had social withdrawal intention after COVID-19.

• The negative mental health impact of COVID-19 seemed to be highly correlated with social withdrawal intention especially during the COVID-19.

• Family, school, and society play a crucial role in preventing youth social withdrawal.

[Abstract] Worldwide physical distancing measures and lockdowns might have triggered and normalised hikikomori or prolonged social withdrawal behaviour especially among young people. The study aimed to examine the potential contributing COVID-related, psychological, family and school factors that related to one's intention to social withdrawal among young people during semi-lockdowns in Hong Kong. A three-wave longitudinal survey was conducted between June 2020 and June 2021. Mixed-effects logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association of COVID-related, psychological, and family and school factors with social withdrawal intention. 632 young people aged 10–20 years from 11 schools completed baseline and follow-up measures. The response rate was 83.05 %. At follow-ups, 39.40 % of the respondents reported to have social withdrawal intention. 37.18 % of the respondents felt helpless about COVID-19. The regression models showed loneliness, mother working from home, and hopelessness about COVID-19 at baseline were positive associated with persistent social withdrawal intention at follow-ups. Father working from home at baseline, better school bonding, and better family environment at the second wave were negatively associated with social withdrawal intention. Early identification of young people with poor psychological well-being, especially loneliness, and intention for being socially withdrawn should become a prioritised research and service focus in the post-COVID-19 period.

[Key words] Social withdrawal intention, Hikikomori, COVID-19, Depression, Loneliness, Hong Kong

論文原文：Tim M.H. Li, Shimin Zhu, Paul W.C. Wong (2025). Young people's social withdrawal intention during COVID-19 in Hong Kong: A three-wave longitudinal study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, Volume 186, Pages 314-321. June 2025.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.04.034

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