14.2.7 縛 Bind

縛是綁縛義，即於欲貪等境界現前或不現前，而其根識不能棄捨，故名為縛；有三種，貪縛、瞋縛、和痴縛。

Bind, in the presence or absence of desire and greed etc. environments, but the root-senses can not abandon them, therefore, the bind is named; there are three kinds of binds, greed Bind, irritation bind, and ignorance bind.

一）貪縛，謂眾生被貪愛所纏縛，對於隨順樂受的境界心不能棄捨，境界壞時，引生憂惱，故處於壞苦。壞苦是由境界變壞引起的，故被稱作壞苦，是苦的自相。

1) Greed Bind, that sentient being are bounded by greedily love, the heart cannot give up on the state of pleasant and laughable environments, when the environment turns bad, which induce deteriorating bitter, let him or her reside in Deterioration Bitter environment. The bitter is caused by laughable environment damages, therefore is named as Deterioration Bitter, is self phenomenon of bitter.

二）瞋縛，謂眾生被嗔憤所纏縛，對於能隨順苦受的境界心不棄捨，境界苦相現前，心生苦受，故處於苦苦。苦苦是現行的苦遇到了舊苦，苦水流出，故名苦苦，是苦的自性。

2) Irritation Bind, that sentient beings are entangled by irritation and resentment, can not give up sequential environment of bitter acceptances; when environment with bitter phenomena present, they reside in Bitter-Bitter. Bitter-bitter is present bitter meeting old bitter, bitter water flows out, hence is named as Bitter-Bitter, is self-nature of bitter.

三）痴縛，謂眾生被愚痴所纏縛，對於能隨順非苦非樂受的中庸境界，心不棄捨，為剎那遷流行相的不安穩性之所逼迫，故令眾生處於行苦。行苦是苦根；佛教的定義，有思想活動就有行苦。

3) Ignorance Bind, that sentient beings are bound by ignorance and foolishness, unable to renunciate sequential neither bitter nor laugh environment, so are forced by the unsteady instant drifting phenomena, reside in the Migration Bitter. Migration Bitter is bitter root; Buddhism defines that wherever mental activities exist, wherever Migration Bitter exists.

由上說三義，故立貪等三種名之為縛。又依貪瞋痴故，於善法加行不得自在，故名為縛。

From the above three meanings, we establish the three names of greed, irritation, and ignorance as three binds.  Also, due to greed, irritation, and ignorance, one cannot freely behave according to benevolent laws, so they are called three binds.

插圖14.2.7-23是《墨西哥法典》對縛的表述。故事約發生在公元1325年，國王舍利王把王位傳給了自己的教子墨西哥，可他死時墨西哥還流亡在國外，於是他任命自己的女兒卡特莉（即那個階段的翠玉女）為代理國王，等待墨西哥歸來後再把王位傳給他。墨西哥聽說了舍利王過世的消息就墮入了地獄（如圖22，即患了精神分裂症）。他想通了之後，決定回國去繼任納瓦特國的國王，而且制定了計劃（如圖23）。

Illustration 14.2.7-24 is a representation of binds from the Mexican Codex. The story takes place around 1325 C.E. King Huitzilopochtli passed the throne to his godson, Mexico, but Mexico was still in exile when he died, so he appointed his daughter, Tlaltecuhtli, who was Chalchiuhtlicue at that stage of her life, as acting king, to wait for Mexico's return before passing the throne on to him. Mexico fell into hell (as in Figure 22, i.e., he suffered from schizophrenia), when he heard the news of King’s passing. After he figured it out, he decided to return to his country to succeed the king of Nahuatl and planned (as shown in Figure 23).

可是卡特莉很貪婪，想自己當國王，也因此對舍利王和墨西哥很氣憤，所以她想暗殺墨西哥於歸來的途中。墨西哥就只能躲在他的教母蔻特鷚鵂的廟中。蔻特鷚鵂是舍利王的妻子，卡特莉的母親。據傳說，墨西哥有很長時間處於對舍利王懷念和哀傷之中，不能自拔，無所事事。插圖1至24都是墨西哥畫的，圖24表明他是被貪嗔痴綁縛了，所以沒能根據事情的發展變化而採取措施。

But Tlaltecuhtli was greedy and wanted to be king herself, was angry with Huitzilopochtli and Mexico for it, so she tried to assassinate Mexico on his way back. Mexico then had to hide in the temple of his godmother, Coatlicue. Coatlicue was the wife of King Huitzilopochtli and the mother of Tlaltecuhtli.  According to the legend, Mexico spent a long time in remembrance of and mourning for Huitzilopochtli, unable to extricate himself and doing nothing. Illustrations 1 to 24 are all drawn by Mexico, and Figure 24 shows that he was bound by greed, irritation, and ignorance, failed to transcendingly perspectively look at the course of events, and accordingly to take steps.

一）自己貪慾國王寶座，以至於被貪慾所縛。

二）插圖23中那個年青時的墨西哥手中拿着一支裝滿了黑暗目的的愛神之箭，是他用來射卡特莉的；表明他對卡特莉有強烈的憤怒。

三）墨西哥還沒能看破紅塵， “萬里長城萬里空，一世英雄一世夢” ，所以他沒能超脫地全面地看待當時的事，也就是被痴、無知所縛。

1) He himself coveted the throne of the king so much that he was bound by greed.

2) Mexico of that youth in Illustration 23 holds in his hand an arrow of Eros fully loaded with dark purposes, which he used to shoot Tlaltecuhtli; showing that he had intense anger towards her.

3) Mexico has not yet been able to see through red dusts that ten thousand miles of the Great Wall are ten thousand miles of the empty, one generation of heroes are one generation of dreams, so he has not been able to transcendingly perspectively see the events of his time, that is, he was bound by ignorance and foolishness.

14.2.8 纏 Tangles

纏是纏繞，是說由於無慚、無愧、昏沉、睡眠、掉舉、惡作、嫉、和慳（解釋參見11.4.4節）數數現行，纏繞金童（即亞當）的心，於修善品諸法為大障礙，故名為纏。

Tangles mean entanglements, which means that due to shamelessness, sinlessness, drowsiness, sleep, depression, regret, jealousy, and stinginess (for explanation, see section 11.4.4), again and again present, entangle Adam’s heart, are great obstacles for studying cultivating benevolent laws, hence the name Tangles.

一）於修習戒學處（參見16.2節），無慚和無愧數起現行，亞當不生羞恥之心，故犯諸學處。

二）於修習定學處（參見16.3節），昏沉和睡眠二法數起現行，引亞當內心中沉沒，故犯諸學處。

1) on cultivating and studying precepts place (see section 16.2), shamelessness and sinlessness present again and again, Adam did not generate shame and sin, so he violated the precept study place again and again.

2) on cultivating and studying stillness place (see section 16.3), drowsiness and sleepiness present again and again, which cause Adam’s heart to drown, so he violated the stillness study place again and again.

三）於修習慧學處（參見16.4節），掉舉惡作為障，由此二法數起現行，引亞當的心散亂於外塵境，故犯諸學處。

四）於善慧地（參見16.9節），修習四無礙解時，亞當應當與同志們相互分享心得，教學相長；可他心懷慳吝、嫉妒，不肯施法；這就障礙了他修學的進度。

3) on cultivating and studying gnosis place (see section 16.4), depression and regret present again and again, which cause Adam's heart to be distracted in the outer dust worlds, so he violated the gnosis study place again and again.

4) on the benevolent gnosis land (see Section 16.9), when cultivating and studying the “four non-hindrance interpretations”, Adam should share his experiences with comrades, teaching and learning are mutually beneficial. However, he was jealous and stingy, not willing to donate laws (i.e., to teach, to share), which hindered the progress of his improvement.

14.2.9 蓋 Covers.

蓋是覆障義；是說貪慾蓋、瞋恚蓋、昏沉睡眠蓋、掉舉惡作蓋、和疑蓋能覆蔽真心，令善法不得顯。插圖14.2.9-1-38是納瓦特爾的象形文字山字，也有蓋、帽子、圍巾等的含義，如圖16、17、35、36、37、和39所示。圖39中，卡特莉被像似山一樣的大帽子扣住了，墨西哥正在趕去救她。

Covers mean concealment, obstacle; saying that greed-desire cover, irritation-hatred cover, drowsy-sleep cover, depression-regret cover, and suspicion cover can conceal real heart, to have benevolent laws not manifest. Illustration 14.2.9-1-38 is the Nahuatl hieroglyph "Mountain", which also means cover, hat, scarf, etc., as shown in Figures 16, 17, 35, 36, 37, and 39. In Figure 39, Tlaltecuhtli is held captive by a mountain-like hat, and Mexico is rushing to rescue her.

一）貪慾蓋，契經說，於欲界為諸欲境界漂淪故，違背聖教，立貪慾蓋；於出離欲界位為障。什麼是出離？就是由五趣雜居地去到離生喜樂地；本意是玉女（即夏娃）嫁給金童（即亞當），成為眾生之母，為此她要離別欲界（如圖14.2.9-1-23），去到色界的大神天（如圖8），成為上帝三合和的一員。在修習出離，摒棄見取見（參見11.4.4.1.4.6-4節《 見取見》）時，由貪慾蓋故，夏娃對於色聲香味觸五種妙欲境界，隨逐淨相、欲見、欲聞、乃至欲觸，希求受用；貪慾牽引心識散亂向外塵境界，讓她於出家不生欣樂。

1) Greed-Desire Cover, Harmony Sutra says, sentient beings are drifting by the environments of Desire Boundary, are contrary to the holy religion, therefore the Greed-Desire Cover is set up, which is an obstacle for going out household life. What is the “going out household life”? It is from “five interests mixed dwelling land (i.e., fig. 14.2.9-1-23)” going to “leaving generates delight and laugh land (i.e., 8)”; originally, it means that Jade-Girl (i.e., Eve) marries Gold-Boy (i.e., Adam) to become “mother of all beings”, which is that Eve goes out Desire Boundary (see fig. 14.2.9-1-23), to the Great God Sky in Color Boundary (fig. 8), becoming one of godly trinity. On studying and practicing the “going out household life”, detaching and giving up “views fetched from views (see section 11.4.4.1.4.6-4 View Fetch), due to Greed-Desire Cover, Eve seeks to use the five wonderfully desirable environments  of color, sound, incense, taste, and touch, desires to see, to hear, to smell, to taste, and even desire to touch, to pursue the enjoyments. Cravings lead the heart-senses disperse toward the external dusts’ environments, so that she does not produce delight and laugh on “going out household life”.

二）瞋恚蓋，契經說，不堪忍諸同志訶諫驅擯教誡等故，違背所有可愛樂法，立瞋恚蓋；於覺邪行位為障。覺是發覺、覺悟。同志神行者發覺而且舉發夏娃的錯誤的時候，她心生瞋恚；如是她不能覺悟缺失，耽誤她正行的修學。

2) Irritation-Hatred Cover, Harmony Sutra says, sentient beings cannot tolerate expostulation, teaching, and reprimand from comrades, which violate all loveable laugh laws, therefore the Irritation-Hatred Cover is set up; is hindrance for perceiving heretical behaviors. When comrades of Godly migration found and reported Eve's mistakes, she felt angry and returned with hatred, so that she could not realize her shortcomings and delayed her cultivation and study on correct behaviors.

三）昏沉睡眠蓋，契經說，由違背正定（梵語奢摩他）故，立昏沉睡眠蓋；於修習專注的止位為障。由不守根門，食不知量等，引起身心昏昧的昏沉和心極昧略的睡眠，障礙明靜的止，夏娃無由得定。什麼是根門？根是生命之樹的六根（參見11.3節），也是色、聲、香、味、觸、和法，此六塵進出心地的場所，所以被稱作根門。

3) Drowsy-Sleep Cover, Harmony Sutra says, due to contradict “correct stillness” (Sanskrit Samatha; see section 16.3), the Drowsy-Sleep Cover is set up; is hindrance for concentrated Stillness in cultivation and study. Due to not guarding the root doors, and not knowing the amount of food, etc., the drowsiness and sleepiness hinder brightly quiet Stillness, so Eve can not gain Correct Stillness. What are the Root Doors? The six roots of life tree (see section 11.3) are also known as Six Root Doors, from which color, sound, fragrance, taste, touch, and law, the six dusts go in and out heartland.

四）掉舉惡作蓋，契經說，由違背慧觀（梵語毗缽舍那）故，立掉舉惡作蓋；於修習慧觀的舉位為障。由掉舉心於親屬國土等生起尋思，由惡作於別離親屬國土等生起追悔，障礙觀心於所觀境上明靜專注的思惟修，觀慧無由生起。

4) Depression-Regret Cover, Harmony Sutra says, due to contradict “Gnostic View” (Sanskrit Vipassana), the Depression-Regret Cover is set up; is hindrance for arousing Gnostic View in cultivation and study. Due to depression, Eve thinks of relatives and the kingdom lands, and due to regret, she misses relatives parted and homeland etc. which hinder brightly quiet mental cultivation, View Gnosis can not be aroused.

五）疑蓋，契經說，由違背於法議論，違背涅盤勝解故，建立疑蓋；於止觀修習位，與舍為障。此修習位中，舍即是平等正直之心，即是止。由於夏娃對聖教心存懷疑，於所學的法和所證的功德境界，猶豫不決，就障礙了舍的生起，所以般若舟（聖經中的用詞是諾亞方舟）不能現前。

5) Suspicion Cover, Harmony Sutra says, due to discussions are contrary to laws, contradict resolution on nirvana, the Suspicion Cover is set up; is hindrance for renunciation during stage of practicing “Still View” (Sanskrit Samatha-Vipassana).  In this stage of cultivation and study, Renunciation is evenly equality and correct dwell. Because Eve had doubts about the holy teachings and was hesitant about the laws she had learned and the virtues she had proven, which hindered the emergence of Renunciation, so Arrival Ark (Biblical Noah's Ark) could not manifest.

前文述說了，亞當被煩惱所糾纏，而夏娃也不願意嫁給亞當；那麼《墨西哥法典》中是如何解決這一矛盾的？下面繼續說14.2.7節中，墨西哥和卡特莉的故事。

As previously stated, Adam was entangled in troubles and Eve was unwilling to marry Adam; so how is this conflict resolved in the Mexican Codex? The following continues with the story of Mexico and Tlaltecuhtli in section 14.2.7.

一天，墨西哥給人講故事說，我不是特拉洛克轉世，我本是大西洋里的一隻烏龜（如圖14.2.9-2-1所示；詳細內容參見18.3節）。墨西哥在對卡特莉說什麼？我自願放棄王位的繼承權，而且不計較你過去和未來的性醜聞，因為烏龜是妓院裡男傭的別名。卡特莉怎麼想的？“你這個豬一樣的農民，自己知道現在沒能力和我爭奪王位，你想現在讓我當國王，從我媽的裙子底下爬出來，發展自己的部下，等將來利用我的性醜聞來彈劾我（如圖3所示）。”

One day, Mexico was giving a story that I was not the reincarnation of Tlaloc and that I was originally a turtle in the Atlantic Ocean (as shown in Figure 14.2.9-2-1; see Section 18.3 for details). What is Mexico saying to Tlaltecuhtli? I voluntarily relinquish my claim to the throne and disregard your past and future sex scandals, since turtle is an alias for a male servant in brothels. What did Tlaltecuhtli think? "You, a peccary-like peasant, you're not capable of competing with me for the throne right now, and you want to make me king, so that can crawl out my mom's skirt, develop your own subordinates, and wait for the future to use my sexual scandals to impeach me (as shown in Figure 3)."

卡特莉想， “也好！只要我名正言順地成為了墨西哥的始皇帝，這個世界就是我的！我不會在我們倆婚禮後的第一個早晨殺你，我要等你告訴了我 ‘墨西’ 之後再殺你，不遲！”於是卡特莉就為歡迎墨西哥從地獄裡榮譽歸來舉行了盛大的歡迎儀式（如圖2所示），而且二人在歡慶的儀式上當眾裸體性交（如圖4所示），向眾人展示此婚姻的真實性。

Tlaltecuhtli thought, "Fine! Once I'm the rightful Founding Emperor of Mexico, the world is mine! I'm not going to kill you on the first morning after our wedding, I'm going to wait until after you tell me about 'Mexi', no later!" So Tlaltecuhtli held a great welcoming ceremony to welcome Mexico's honorable return from hell (as shown in Figure 2), and the two had publicly nude sextual intercourse during the joyous ceremony (as shown in Figure 4) to show the crowd the authenticity of this marriage.

為什麼卡特莉那麼想得到墨西，是什麼？墨西的納瓦特爾語本意是，“這就是”，“就這個”。插圖14.2.9-2-4顯示這倆人的婚姻產生了一條DNA鏈條形狀的線繩，就是奧林，就是《墨西哥法典》的主題線索。《墨西哥法典》是由墨西哥的回憶錄，即《死亡之書》，和翠玉女的回憶錄，即《生命之書》構成的。其中墨西哥回憶錄的主題線索就是 “墨西” 。

Why does Tlaltecuhtli want Mexi so much? What is it? The original meaning of Mexi in Nahuatl is, "This is", "This is it". Illustration 14.2.9-2-4 shows that the marriage of these couple produced a cord in the shape of a DNA chain, which is Ollin, the theme line of the Mexican Codex. The Mexican Codex is composed of the memoirs of Mexico, which is the Book of Death, and the memoirs of Chalchiuhtlicue, which is the Book of Life. Among them, the theme line of Mexican Memoirs is "Mexi".

最後怎麼樣了？為什麼翠玉女（即婚後的卡特莉）沒殺墨西哥？《墨西哥法典》已經被西班牙惡鬼燒了，但筆者我發現了一組此二人七天七夜婚禮的圖畫。圖畫的最後一張卻顯示了幾年以後（如圖5）。筆者我認為那是墨西哥在暗示讀者，他通過幾年的努力工作，成功地培養出了一個部下，小墨西哥；而且這個小墨西哥知道保護自己的父親免受母親的傷害。

What happened in the end? Why didn't Chalchiuhtlicue (Tlaltecuhtli after the marriage) kill Mexico? The "Mexican Codex" had been burned by the Spanish Hungry Ghosts, but author me discovered a set of pictures of the seven-day and seven-night wedding of the couple. The last picture shows a few years later (Figure 5). Author me thinks that that is Mexico hinting to the readers that through several years of hard work, he has successfully cultivated a subordinate, Junior Mexico; and this Junior Mexico knows to protect his father from his mother’s harm.

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