Homily by Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger
樞機主教Joseph Ratzinger的講道
Full text of the sermon from the funeral of Pope John Paul II
教宗約翰保羅二世葬禮上的全文
VATICAN CITY - "Follow me. " The Risen Lord says these words to Peter. They are his last words to this disciple, chosen to shepherd his flock. "Follow me" – this lapidary saying of Christ can be taken as the key to understanding the message which comes to us from the life of our late beloved Pope John Paul II. Today we bury his remains in the earth as a seed of immortality – our hearts are full of sadness, yet at the same time of joyful hope and profound gratitude.
梵蒂岡城 – “跟從我。”主在升天前對彼得這麼說。這是主對這個門徒最後的囑咐，揀選他來牧養自己的羊群。“跟從我”——在基督這句簡簡單單的話里，我們就理解了我們深愛的教宗約翰保羅二世的一生。今天，我們把他的遺體葬在地下，好像是埋下一粒不死的種子——我們心中充滿悲傷，但同時更有喜樂的盼望和深深的感恩。
These are the sentiments that inspire us, brothers and sisters in Christ, present here in Saint Peter’s Square, in neighbouring streets and in various other locations within the city of Rome, where an immense crowd, silently praying, has gathered over the last few days. I greet all of you from my heart. In the name of the College of Cardinals, I also wish to express my respects to heads of state, heads of government and the delegations from various countries. I greet the Authorities and official representatives of other Churches and Christian Communities, and likewise those of different religions. Next I greet the Archbishops, Bishops, priests, religious men and women and the faithful who have come here from every Continent; especially the young, whom John Paul II liked to call the future and the hope of the Church. My greeting is extended, moreover, to all those throughout the world who are united with us through radio and television in this solemn celebration of our beloved Holy Father’s funeral.
這種混雜的感情激動着我們，這些在基督里的弟兄姐妹。無論是在聖彼得廣場這裡，還是在附近的街道上，或是在羅馬城中其它的地方，這幾天來在這裡聚集默默禱告的所有人，我們每一個人都有這種相同的心境。我從心裡祝福你們每一個人。我也要以樞機主教團的名義，向從各國到來的國家元首和代表團致意；也向其它教會、基督教團體以及不同宗教的領袖與官方代表們致意；還要向從各大洲來到這裡的大主教、主教、司鐸和信徒們致意；尤其向年輕人們致意，就是約翰保羅二世所喜悅的，他稱你們為教會的未來和盼望。此外，我也向全世界通過收音機和電視與我們彼此相交的所有人致意，讓我們一起莊重地紀念我們所深愛的聖父。
Follow me — As a young student Karol Wojtyła was thrilled by literature, the theatre, and poetry. Working in a chemical plant, surrounded and threatened by the Nazi terror, he heard the voice of the Lord: Follow me! In this extraordinary setting he began to read books of philosophy and theology, and then entered the clandestine seminary established by Cardinal Sapieha. After the war he was able to complete his studies in the faculty of theology of the Jagiellonian University of Kraków. How often, in his letters to priests and in his autobiographical books has he spoken to us about his priesthood, to which he was ordained on November 1, 1946. In these texts he interprets his priesthood with particular reference to three sayings of the Lord. First: "You did not choose me, but I chose you. And I appointed you to go and bear fruit, fruit that will last" (John 15:16). The second saying is: "The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep" (John 10:11). And then: "As the Father has loved me, so I have loved you; abide in my love" (John 15:9). In these three sayings we see the heart and soul of our Holy Father. He really went everywhere, untiringly, in order to bear fruit, fruit that lasts. "Rise, Let us be on our Way!" is the title of his next-to-last book. "Rise, let us be on our way!" — With these words he roused us from a lethargic faith, from the sleep of the disciples of both yesterday and today. "Rise, let us be on our way!" he continues to say to us even today. The Holy Father was a priest to the last, for he offered his life to God for his flock and for the entire human family, in a daily self-oblation for the service of the Church, especially amid the sufferings of his final months. And in this way he became one with Christ, the Good Shepherd who loves his sheep. Finally, "abide in my love:" the Pope who tried to meet everyone, who had an ability to forgive and to open his heart to all, tells us once again today, with these words of the Lord, that by abiding in the love of Christ we learn, at the school of Christ, the art of true love.
跟從我——在教宗Karol Wojty還是年輕學生的時候，他鍾愛的是文學、戲劇和詩歌。後來他曾經進入一間化工廠，在納粹恐怖的陰影和威脅中工作。那時，他聽見了主的聲音：更從我！在這個特殊的環境中，他開始研讀哲學和神學書籍，以後又進入了Sapieha主教建立的地下神學院。戰後，他在Jagiellonian University of Kraków完成了神學學習。在給其他司鐸的信中，以及他的自傳性書籍里，他多次向我們描述他作為司鐸的經歷。他是在1946年11月1日被任命的。在他的描述里，他特別提及主的三句話。第一：“不是你們揀選了我，是我揀選了你們；並且分派你們去結果子，叫你們的果子常存。”（約翰福音15:16）第二句是：“好牧人為羊捨命。” （約翰福音10:11）接下來是：“我愛你們，正如父愛我一樣，你們要常在我的愛里。” （約翰福音15:9）從這三句話，我們看見我們聖父全部的心思意念。他真的是不知疲倦地奔走世界，就是要去結果子，結長存的果子。“起來，我們走吧！”是他倒數第二本書的標題。——他用這樣的話，要激起我們從昏睡的信仰中覺醒，要信徒們從昨天今天的沉睡中醒來。“起來，我們走吧！”他今天也繼續對我們說同樣的話。聖父至死都是一個司鐸，因為他為了主的羊群和全人類的大家庭捨命，把一生獻給了神，每一天為教會獻上自己作為活祭，在他臨終幾個月裡飽受痛楚的時候尤其是如此。這樣，他就與基督合一，就是與那位愛他羊群的好牧人合一了。最後， “要常在我的愛里”，教宗竭力會見每一個人，對所有人都有一顆寬恕和敞開的心。他今天再一次對我們說，用主的話對我們說，要在基督的愛里，在基督的學校里，學習真正的愛。
Follow me! In July 1958 the young priest Karol Wojtyła began a new stage in his journey with the Lord and in the footsteps of the Lord. Karol had gone to the Masuri lakes for his usual vacation, along with a group of young people who loved canoeing. But he brought with him a letter inviting him to call on the Primate of Poland, Cardinal Wyszyński. He could guess the purpose of the meeting: He was to be appointed as the auxiliary Bishop of Kraków. Leaving the academic world, leaving this challenging engagement with young people, leaving the great intellectual endeavour of striving to understand and interpret the mystery of that creature which is man and of communicating to today’s world the Christian interpretation of our being – all this must have seemed to him like losing his very self, losing what had become the very human identity of this young priest. Follow me – Karol Wojtyła accepted the appointment, for he heard in the Church’s call the voice of Christ. And then he realized how true are the Lord’s words: "Those who try to make their life secure will lose it, but those who lose their life will keep it" (Luke 17:33). Our Pope – and we all know this – never wanted to make his own life secure, to keep it for himself; he wanted to give of himself unreservedly, to the very last moment, for Christ and thus also for us. And thus he came to experience how everything which he had given over into the Lord’s hands came back to him in a new way. His love of words, of poetry, of literature, became an essential part of his pastoral mission and gave new vitality, new urgency, new attractiveness to the preaching of the Gospel, even when it is a sign of contradiction.
跟從我！在1958年7月，年輕的司鐸Karol Wojtyła在與主同行，跟隨主的腳蹤的旅程中踏上了新的一階。那時，Karol和一群喜愛划艇的年輕人一起去Masuri湖度假。但他身上帶着一封信，邀他去見波蘭大主教Wyszyński。他也許猜到會談的目的了，就是他將被任命為Kraków主教的副手。他就要離開學院，離開和年輕人相處的工作，離開最偉大的腦力勞動——就是竭力理解、解釋被造者的奧秘，並向今日的世界說明基督信仰對我們人類的意義。離開這些，成為完全的神職人員，似乎是要他失去自我了，失去作為年輕司鐸的普通人的身份了。跟從我——Karol Wojtyła接受了這項任命，因為他在教會的呼召中聽見了基督的聲音。也在那時，他意識到主的話是多麼的真實：“凡想要保全生命的，必喪掉生命；凡喪掉生命的，必救活生命。”（路加福音17:33）我們都知道，我們的教宗從來沒有想過，追求過自己生命的安全；他所想的，就是毫無保留地獻上自己，直到生命最後一刻——獻給基督，也獻給我們。這樣，他就經歷到，所有他交在主手中的，都以一種新的方式回到了自己身上。他對語言、詩歌、文學的熱愛，成了他教牧使命中的重要部分，他所傳講福音就因此有新的生命力，新的急迫感和新的吸引力。
Follow me! In October 1978 Cardinal Wojtyła once again heard the voice of the Lord. Once more there took place that dialogue with Peter reported in the Gospel of this Mass: "Simon, son of John, do you love me? Feed my sheep!" To the Lord’s question, "Karol, do you love me?," the Archbishop of Krakow answered from the depths of his heart: "Lord you know everything; you know that I love you." The love of Christ was the dominant force in the life of our beloved Holy Father. Anyone who ever saw him pray, who ever heard him preach, knows that. Thanks to his being profoundly rooted in Christ, he was able to bear a burden which transcends merely human abilities: that of being the shepherd of Christ’s flock, his universal Church. This is not the time to speak of the specific content of this rich pontificate. I would like only to read two passages of today’s liturgy which reflect central elements of his message. In the first reading, Saint Peter says – and with Saint Peter, the Pope himself – "I truly understand that God shows no partiality, but in every nation anyone who fears him and does what is right is acceptable to him. You know the message he sent to the people of Israel, preaching peace by Jesus Christ - he is Lord of all" (Acts 10:34-36). And in the second reading, Saint Paul – and with Saint Paul, our late Pope – exhorts us, crying out: "My brothers and sisters, whom I love and long for, my joy and my crown, stand firm in the Lord in this way, my beloved" (Philippians 4:1).
跟從我！在1978年的10月，樞機主教Wojtyła再一次聽見了主的聲音。在福音書中記載的主與彼得的對話又一次重現——主說：“約翰的兒子西門，你愛我嗎？”對主的問題“Karol，你愛我嗎？”這位Krakow大主教從心裡回答說：“主啊，你是無所不知的，你知道我愛你。”在我們所深愛的聖父的生命里，基督的愛是決定一切的力量。任何看過他祈禱，或是聽過他布道的人都知道。因為他已經在基督里深深地紮根，他有超出普通人的承受重擔的能力——就是牧養基督的羊群，牧養神的普世教會。我現在不是談論教皇職位包含的豐富意義。我只想為今天的禮拜讀下面兩段經文，這兩段經文就是今天信息的中心。第一段里，聖彼得說——這也是教宗本人和聖彼得一起說的：“我真看出神是不偏待人。原來各國中，那敬畏主、行義的人都為主所悅納。神借着耶穌基督（他是萬有的主）傳和平的福音，將這道賜給以色列人。”（使徒行傳10:34-36）在第二段裡面，聖保羅——和聖保羅一起，我們的教宗勸誡我們，“我所親愛、所想念的弟兄們，你們就是我的喜樂，我的冠冕！我親愛的弟兄，你們應當靠主站立得穩。”（腓利比書4:1）
Follow me! Together with the command to feed his flock, Christ proclaimed to Peter that he would die a martyr’s death. With those words, which conclude and sum up the dialogue on love and on the mandate of the universal shepherd, the Lord recalls another dialogue, which took place during the Last Supper. There Jesus had said: "Where I am going, you cannot come." Peter said to him, "Lord, where are you going?" Jesus replied: "Where I am going, you cannot follow me now; but you will follow me afterward." (John 13:33,36). Jesus from the Supper went towards the cross, went towards his resurrection – he entered into the paschal mystery; and Peter could not yet follow him. Now – after the resurrection – comes the time, comes this "afterward." By shepherding the flock of Christ, Peter enters into the paschal mystery, he goes towards the cross and the resurrection. The Lord says this in these words: "... when you were younger, you used to fasten your own belt and to go wherever you wished. But when you grow old, you will stretch out your hands, and someone else will fasten a belt around you and take you where you do not wish to go" (John 21:18). In the first years of his pontificate, still young and full of energy, the Holy Father went to the very ends of the earth, guided by Christ. But afterwards, he increasingly entered into the communion of Christ’s sufferings; increasingly he understood the truth of the words: "Someone else will fasten a belt around you." And in this very communion with the suffering Lord, tirelessly and with renewed intensity, he proclaimed the Gospel, the mystery of that love which goes to the end (cf. John 13:1).
跟從我！接下來的命令是“餵養我的羊”，之後基督就告訴彼得說他將為主殉道。用這幾句話，主結束了這段關於愛的對話和關於普世牧養的命令。主的這幾句話也讓我們想起另一段對話，就是在最後的晚餐，耶穌說：“我所去的地方，你現在不能跟我去，後來卻要跟我去。”（約翰福音13:33,36）晚餐之後，耶穌走向十字架，又走向他的復活——進入了復活的奧秘中；彼得沒有辦法跟從他。等到復活之後，時候到了，就是“後來”的時候到了。彼得牧養基督的羊群，也進入到復活的奧秘中，走向了十字架和復活。主是這麼說：“……你年少的時候，自己束上帶子，隨意往來；但年老的時候，你要伸出手來，別人要把你束上，帶你到不願意去的地方。”（約翰福音21:18）在我們聖父就職的前幾年，在他還年輕力盛的時候，他按着基督的帶領，走遍地極。但是，後來，他漸漸地就與基督一同受苦；漸漸地，他也越發對這句話有真實的理解：“別人要把你束上。”他和我們受難的主一同受苦，不知疲倦地傳揚福音，就是基督的愛，就是愛人到底。（cf. 約翰福音13:1）
He interpreted for us the paschal mystery as a mystery of divine mercy. In his last book, he wrote: The limit imposed upon evil "is ultimately Divine Mercy" (Memory and Identity, Page 60-61). And reflecting on the assassination attempt, he said: "In sacrificing himself for us all, Christ gave a new meaning to suffering, opening up a new dimension, a new order: the order of love ... It is this suffering which burns and consumes evil with the flame of love and draws forth even from sin a great flowering of good" (Page 189-190). Impelled by this vision, the Pope suffered and loved in communion with Christ, and that is why the message of his suffering and his silence proved so eloquent and so fruitful.
他向我們解釋，復活的奧秘就是神的憐憫。在他最後一本書中，他寫道：對邪惡的限制“是神至極的憐憫”（Memory and Identity，第60-61頁）。思想到有人曾試圖刺殺他，他說道：“基督為我們眾人舍己，就賦予受難一個新的意義，開闢了一個新的天地，給了一道新的命令：就是愛……基督在受難中，用愛的火燒盡了邪惡，甚至叫善的花朵從罪里大大綻放”（第189-190頁）。這樣的異像激勵他和基督一同受苦，一同愛人。正是因此，他受苦的消息和他的默然無聲，比一切雄辯更富有成效。
Divine Mercy: The Holy Father found the purest reflection of God’s mercy in the Mother of God. He, who at an early age had lost his own mother, loved his divine mother all the more. He heard the words of the crucified Lord as addressed personally to him: "Behold your Mother." And so he did as the beloved disciple did: He took her into his own home" (John 19:27) – Totus tuus. And from the mother he learned to con???? himself to Christ.
神的憐憫：聖父在聖母瑪利亞的身上看到了神最完全的憐憫。小時候失去母親的經歷使他更加愛聖母。主十字架上的話就好像是對他說的：“看，你的母親！”因此，他就做了那主所愛的門徒所做的事：“就接她到自己家裡去了”（約翰福音19:27）。從這個母親身上，他學會了順服基督。
None of us can ever forget how in that last Easter Sunday of his life, the Holy Father, marked by suffering, came once more to the window of the Apostolic Palace and one last time gave his blessing urbi et orbi. We can be sure that our beloved Pope is standing today at the window of the Father’s house, that he sees us and blesses us. Yes, bless us, Holy Father. We entrust your dear soul to the Mother of God, your Mother, who guided you each day and who will guide you now to the eternal glory of her Son, our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen.
我們沒有人能夠忘記聖父在上個主日，他一生中最後一個復活節里的樣子。帶着痛楚，他再一次來到使徒宮的窗前，最後一次送出他的祝福。我們確信我們深愛的教宗今天正站在天父家裡的窗前，看着我們，祝福我們。是的，祝福我們吧，聖父。我們把寶貴的靈魂交給聖母瑪利亞。她也是你的母親，曾經每天帶領你，如今也帶着你進入她兒子，我們主耶穌基督永遠的榮耀里。阿們。