6. He Teaches and Illumines
Another aspect of the Holy Spirit’s revealing work is teaching certain things to God’s people and illumining their minds so they can understand. Jesus promised this teaching function especially to his disciples when he said that the Holy Spirit “will teach （didaskō）you all things and bring to your remembrance all that I have said to you” (John 14:26) and “will guide you into all the truth” (John 16:13). Moreover, Jesus promised that when his disciples were put on trial because of persecution, the Holy Spirit would teach them at that time what to say (Luke 12:12; cf. Matt. 10:20; Mark 13:11). At other times the Holy Spirit revealed specific information to people—showing Simeon that he would not die until he saw the Messiah, for example (Luke 2:26), revealing to Agabus that a famine would occur (Acts 11:28) or that Paul would be taken captive in Jerusalem (Acts 21:11). In other cases the Holy Spirit revealed to Paul that he would suffer in Jerusalem (Acts 20:23; 21:4), expressly said to Paul things that would happen in the latter days (1 Tim. 4:1), and revealed to him what God has prepared for those who love him (1 Cor. 2:10).
6 祂教導並光照
聖靈之啟示工作的另一方面﹐就是教導神百姓﹐並光照他們﹐使他們能夠明白（真理）。耶穌是特別向門徒們應許聖靈的這一項教導的功能，耶穌說﹐聖靈 “要將一切的事指教（譯者註：希臘文原文用的是didaskō，就是“教導教義”的意思）你們﹐並且要叫你們想起我對你們所說的一切話”（約14:26）﹐祂又說﹕ “祂要引導你們明白一切的真理”（約16:13）﹐ ﹔不只如此﹐祂還應許門徒們﹐當他們因受逼迫而被審問時﹐聖靈將在那個時候教導他們該說的話（“因為正在那時候，聖靈要指教（didaskō）你們當說的話。”（路12:12）﹔另參太10:20﹔ 可13:11）。在其他時候﹐聖靈將特定的訊息啟示給人﹐例如祂告訴西面﹐在他未死之前必看見彌賽亞（路2:26）﹔或啟示亞迦布﹐天下將要發生饑荒（徒11:28）﹐保羅將在耶路撒冷被囚（徒21:11）﹔或啟示保羅﹐他會在耶路撒冷受苦（徒20:23; 21:4）﹔又明顯地告訴他﹐在末後的日子將要發生的事（提前4:1）﹐以及向他啟示神為那些愛祂之人所預備的（林前2:10）。
The illuminating work of the Holy Spirit is seen in the fact that he enables us to understand: “We have received not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might understand the things freely given us by God” (1 Cor. 2:12). Therefore, “the natural person does not accept the things of the Spirit of God,” but “the spiritual person judges all things” (1 Cor. 2:14–15). We should pray that the Holy Spirit would give us his illumination and thereby help us understand rightly when we study Scripture or when we ponder situations in our lives. Although he did not mention the Holy Spirit specifically, the psalmist prayed for such illumination when he asked God, “Open my eyes, that I may behold wondrous things out of your law” (Ps. 119:18). Similarly, Paul prayed for the Christians in and around Ephesus,
聖靈光照的工作可見於這事實﹕祂使我們能夠明瞭﹕ “我們所領受的並不是世上的靈﹐乃是從神來的靈﹐叫我們能知道神開恩賜給我們的事。”（林前2:12）所以﹐ “屬血氣的人不領會神聖靈的事”﹐但是 “屬靈的人能看透萬事”（林前2:14-15）。我們應當禱告求聖靈光照﹐幫助我們在讀經或思想生活處境時﹐有正確的了解。詩人說﹕ “求你開我的眼睛﹐使我看出你律法中的奇妙。”（詩119:18）雖然詩人在此並沒有特別提及聖靈﹐但是他所禱告求神的﹐乃是盼望得著聖靈的光照。另有一個與此相似的例子﹐是保羅為以弗所和其附近地區的基督徒所禱告的﹕
that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give you the Spirit of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of him, having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints, and what is the immeasurable greatness of his power toward us who believe, according to the working of his great might. (Eph. 1:17–19)[1]
“求我們主耶穌基督的神﹐榮耀的父﹐將那賜人智慧和啟示的靈（或按NIV譯為『聖靈』）賞給你們﹐使你們真知道祂。並且照明你們心中的眼睛﹐使你們知道祂的恩召有何等指望﹐祂在聖徒中得的基業有何等豐盛的榮耀﹔並知道祂向我們這信的人所顯的能力﹐是何等浩大﹐就是照祂在基督身上所運行的大能大力﹐使祂從死里復活﹐叫祂在天上坐在自己的右邊。”（弗1:17-20）
[1] Wayne Grudem, Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine, Second Edition. (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Academic, 2020), 788–789.
