Homily by Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger
枢机主教Joseph Ratzinger的讲道
Full text of the sermon from the funeral of Pope John Paul II
教宗约翰保罗二世葬礼上的全文
VATICAN CITY - "Follow me. " The Risen Lord says these words to Peter. They are his last words to this disciple, chosen to shepherd his flock. "Follow me" – this lapidary saying of Christ can be taken as the key to understanding the message which comes to us from the life of our late beloved Pope John Paul II. Today we bury his remains in the earth as a seed of immortality – our hearts are full of sadness, yet at the same time of joyful hope and profound gratitude.
梵蒂冈城 – “跟从我。”主在升天前对彼得这么说。这是主对这个门徒最后的嘱咐，拣选他来牧养自己的羊群。“跟从我”——在基督这句简简单单的话里，我们就理解了我们深爱的教宗约翰保罗二世的一生。今天，我们把他的遗体葬在地下，好像是埋下一粒不死的种子——我们心中充满悲伤，但同时更有喜乐的盼望和深深的感恩。
These are the sentiments that inspire us, brothers and sisters in Christ, present here in Saint Peter’s Square, in neighbouring streets and in various other locations within the city of Rome, where an immense crowd, silently praying, has gathered over the last few days. I greet all of you from my heart. In the name of the College of Cardinals, I also wish to express my respects to heads of state, heads of government and the delegations from various countries. I greet the Authorities and official representatives of other Churches and Christian Communities, and likewise those of different religions. Next I greet the Archbishops, Bishops, priests, religious men and women and the faithful who have come here from every Continent; especially the young, whom John Paul II liked to call the future and the hope of the Church. My greeting is extended, moreover, to all those throughout the world who are united with us through radio and television in this solemn celebration of our beloved Holy Father’s funeral.
这种混杂的感情激动着我们，这些在基督里的弟兄姐妹。无论是在圣彼得广场这里，还是在附近的街道上，或是在罗马城中其它的地方，这几天来在这里聚集默默祷告的所有人，我们每一个人都有这种相同的心境。我从心里祝福你们每一个人。我也要以枢机主教团的名义，向从各国到来的国家元首和代表团致意；也向其它教会、基督教团体以及不同宗教的领袖与官方代表们致意；还要向从各大洲来到这里的大主教、主教、司铎和信徒们致意；尤其向年轻人们致意，就是约翰保罗二世所喜悦的，他称你们为教会的未来和盼望。此外，我也向全世界通过收音机和电视与我们彼此相交的所有人致意，让我们一起庄重地纪念我们所深爱的圣父。
Follow me — As a young student Karol Wojtyła was thrilled by literature, the theatre, and poetry. Working in a chemical plant, surrounded and threatened by the Nazi terror, he heard the voice of the Lord: Follow me! In this extraordinary setting he began to read books of philosophy and theology, and then entered the clandestine seminary established by Cardinal Sapieha. After the war he was able to complete his studies in the faculty of theology of the Jagiellonian University of Kraków. How often, in his letters to priests and in his autobiographical books has he spoken to us about his priesthood, to which he was ordained on November 1, 1946. In these texts he interprets his priesthood with particular reference to three sayings of the Lord. First: "You did not choose me, but I chose you. And I appointed you to go and bear fruit, fruit that will last" (John 15:16). The second saying is: "The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep" (John 10:11). And then: "As the Father has loved me, so I have loved you; abide in my love" (John 15:9). In these three sayings we see the heart and soul of our Holy Father. He really went everywhere, untiringly, in order to bear fruit, fruit that lasts. "Rise, Let us be on our Way!" is the title of his next-to-last book. "Rise, let us be on our way!" — With these words he roused us from a lethargic faith, from the sleep of the disciples of both yesterday and today. "Rise, let us be on our way!" he continues to say to us even today. The Holy Father was a priest to the last, for he offered his life to God for his flock and for the entire human family, in a daily self-oblation for the service of the Church, especially amid the sufferings of his final months. And in this way he became one with Christ, the Good Shepherd who loves his sheep. Finally, "abide in my love:" the Pope who tried to meet everyone, who had an ability to forgive and to open his heart to all, tells us once again today, with these words of the Lord, that by abiding in the love of Christ we learn, at the school of Christ, the art of true love.
跟从我——在教宗Karol Wojty还是年轻学生的时候，他钟爱的是文学、戏剧和诗歌。后来他曾经进入一间化工厂，在纳粹恐怖的阴影和威胁中工作。那时，他听见了主的声音：更从我！在这个特殊的环境中，他开始研读哲学和神学书籍，以后又进入了Sapieha主教建立的地下神学院。战后，他在Jagiellonian University of Kraków完成了神学学习。在给其他司铎的信中，以及他的自传性书籍里，他多次向我们描述他作为司铎的经历。他是在1946年11月1日被任命的。在他的描述里，他特别提及主的三句话。第一：“不是你们拣选了我，是我拣选了你们；并且分派你们去结果子，叫你们的果子常存。”（约翰福音15:16）第二句是：“好牧人为羊舍命。” （约翰福音10:11）接下来是：“我爱你们，正如父爱我一样，你们要常在我的爱里。” （约翰福音15:9）从这三句话，我们看见我们圣父全部的心思意念。他真的是不知疲倦地奔走世界，就是要去结果子，结长存的果子。“起来，我们走吧！”是他倒数第二本书的标题。——他用这样的话，要激起我们从昏睡的信仰中觉醒，要信徒们从昨天今天的沉睡中醒来。“起来，我们走吧！”他今天也继续对我们说同样的话。圣父至死都是一个司铎，因为他为了主的羊群和全人类的大家庭舍命，把一生献给了神，每一天为教会献上自己作为活祭，在他临终几个月里饱受痛楚的时候尤其是如此。这样，他就与基督合一，就是与那位爱他羊群的好牧人合一了。最后， “要常在我的爱里”，教宗竭力会见每一个人，对所有人都有一颗宽恕和敞开的心。他今天再一次对我们说，用主的话对我们说，要在基督的爱里，在基督的学校里，学习真正的爱。
Follow me! In July 1958 the young priest Karol Wojtyła began a new stage in his journey with the Lord and in the footsteps of the Lord. Karol had gone to the Masuri lakes for his usual vacation, along with a group of young people who loved canoeing. But he brought with him a letter inviting him to call on the Primate of Poland, Cardinal Wyszyński. He could guess the purpose of the meeting: He was to be appointed as the auxiliary Bishop of Kraków. Leaving the academic world, leaving this challenging engagement with young people, leaving the great intellectual endeavour of striving to understand and interpret the mystery of that creature which is man and of communicating to today’s world the Christian interpretation of our being – all this must have seemed to him like losing his very self, losing what had become the very human identity of this young priest. Follow me – Karol Wojtyła accepted the appointment, for he heard in the Church’s call the voice of Christ. And then he realized how true are the Lord’s words: "Those who try to make their life secure will lose it, but those who lose their life will keep it" (Luke 17:33). Our Pope – and we all know this – never wanted to make his own life secure, to keep it for himself; he wanted to give of himself unreservedly, to the very last moment, for Christ and thus also for us. And thus he came to experience how everything which he had given over into the Lord’s hands came back to him in a new way. His love of words, of poetry, of literature, became an essential part of his pastoral mission and gave new vitality, new urgency, new attractiveness to the preaching of the Gospel, even when it is a sign of contradiction.
跟从我！在1958年7月，年轻的司铎Karol Wojtyła在与主同行，跟随主的脚踪的旅程中踏上了新的一阶。那时，Karol和一群喜爱划艇的年轻人一起去Masuri湖度假。但他身上带着一封信，邀他去见波兰大主教Wyszyński。他也许猜到会谈的目的了，就是他将被任命为Kraków主教的副手。他就要离开学院，离开和年轻人相处的工作，离开最伟大的脑力劳动——就是竭力理解、解释被造者的奥秘，并向今日的世界说明基督信仰对我们人类的意义。离开这些，成为完全的神职人员，似乎是要他失去自我了，失去作为年轻司铎的普通人的身份了。跟从我——Karol Wojtyła接受了这项任命，因为他在教会的呼召中听见了基督的声音。也在那时，他意识到主的话是多么的真实：“凡想要保全生命的，必丧掉生命；凡丧掉生命的，必救活生命。”（路加福音17:33）我们都知道，我们的教宗从来没有想过，追求过自己生命的安全；他所想的，就是毫无保留地献上自己，直到生命最后一刻——献给基督，也献给我们。这样，他就经历到，所有他交在主手中的，都以一种新的方式回到了自己身上。他对语言、诗歌、文学的热爱，成了他教牧使命中的重要部分，他所传讲福音就因此有新的生命力，新的急迫感和新的吸引力。
Follow me! In October 1978 Cardinal Wojtyła once again heard the voice of the Lord. Once more there took place that dialogue with Peter reported in the Gospel of this Mass: "Simon, son of John, do you love me? Feed my sheep!" To the Lord’s question, "Karol, do you love me?," the Archbishop of Krakow answered from the depths of his heart: "Lord you know everything; you know that I love you." The love of Christ was the dominant force in the life of our beloved Holy Father. Anyone who ever saw him pray, who ever heard him preach, knows that. Thanks to his being profoundly rooted in Christ, he was able to bear a burden which transcends merely human abilities: that of being the shepherd of Christ’s flock, his universal Church. This is not the time to speak of the specific content of this rich pontificate. I would like only to read two passages of today’s liturgy which reflect central elements of his message. In the first reading, Saint Peter says – and with Saint Peter, the Pope himself – "I truly understand that God shows no partiality, but in every nation anyone who fears him and does what is right is acceptable to him. You know the message he sent to the people of Israel, preaching peace by Jesus Christ - he is Lord of all" (Acts 10:34-36). And in the second reading, Saint Paul – and with Saint Paul, our late Pope – exhorts us, crying out: "My brothers and sisters, whom I love and long for, my joy and my crown, stand firm in the Lord in this way, my beloved" (Philippians 4:1).
跟从我！在1978年的10月，枢机主教Wojtyła再一次听见了主的声音。在福音书中记载的主与彼得的对话又一次重现——主说：“约翰的儿子西门，你爱我吗？”对主的问题“Karol，你爱我吗？”这位Krakow大主教从心里回答说：“主啊，你是无所不知的，你知道我爱你。”在我们所深爱的圣父的生命里，基督的爱是决定一切的力量。任何看过他祈祷，或是听过他布道的人都知道。因为他已经在基督里深深地扎根，他有超出普通人的承受重担的能力——就是牧养基督的羊群，牧养神的普世教会。我现在不是谈论教皇职位包含的丰富意义。我只想为今天的礼拜读下面两段经文，这两段经文就是今天信息的中心。第一段里，圣彼得说——这也是教宗本人和圣彼得一起说的：“我真看出神是不偏待人。原来各国中，那敬畏主、行义的人都为主所悦纳。神借着耶稣基督（他是万有的主）传和平的福音，将这道赐给以色列人。”（使徒行传10:34-36）在第二段里面，圣保罗——和圣保罗一起，我们的教宗劝诫我们，“我所亲爱、所想念的弟兄们，你们就是我的喜乐，我的冠冕！我亲爱的弟兄，你们应当靠主站立得稳。”（腓利比书4:1）
Follow me! Together with the command to feed his flock, Christ proclaimed to Peter that he would die a martyr’s death. With those words, which conclude and sum up the dialogue on love and on the mandate of the universal shepherd, the Lord recalls another dialogue, which took place during the Last Supper. There Jesus had said: "Where I am going, you cannot come." Peter said to him, "Lord, where are you going?" Jesus replied: "Where I am going, you cannot follow me now; but you will follow me afterward." (John 13:33,36). Jesus from the Supper went towards the cross, went towards his resurrection – he entered into the paschal mystery; and Peter could not yet follow him. Now – after the resurrection – comes the time, comes this "afterward." By shepherding the flock of Christ, Peter enters into the paschal mystery, he goes towards the cross and the resurrection. The Lord says this in these words: "... when you were younger, you used to fasten your own belt and to go wherever you wished. But when you grow old, you will stretch out your hands, and someone else will fasten a belt around you and take you where you do not wish to go" (John 21:18). In the first years of his pontificate, still young and full of energy, the Holy Father went to the very ends of the earth, guided by Christ. But afterwards, he increasingly entered into the communion of Christ’s sufferings; increasingly he understood the truth of the words: "Someone else will fasten a belt around you." And in this very communion with the suffering Lord, tirelessly and with renewed intensity, he proclaimed the Gospel, the mystery of that love which goes to the end (cf. John 13:1).
跟从我！接下来的命令是“喂养我的羊”，之后基督就告诉彼得说他将为主殉道。用这几句话，主结束了这段关于爱的对话和关于普世牧养的命令。主的这几句话也让我们想起另一段对话，就是在最后的晚餐，耶稣说：“我所去的地方，你现在不能跟我去，后来却要跟我去。”（约翰福音13:33,36）晚餐之后，耶稣走向十字架，又走向他的复活——进入了复活的奥秘中；彼得没有办法跟从他。等到复活之后，时候到了，就是“后来”的时候到了。彼得牧养基督的羊群，也进入到复活的奥秘中，走向了十字架和复活。主是这么说：“……你年少的时候，自己束上带子，随意往来；但年老的时候，你要伸出手来，别人要把你束上，带你到不愿意去的地方。”（约翰福音21:18）在我们圣父就职的前几年，在他还年轻力盛的时候，他按着基督的带领，走遍地极。但是，后来，他渐渐地就与基督一同受苦；渐渐地，他也越发对这句话有真实的理解：“别人要把你束上。”他和我们受难的主一同受苦，不知疲倦地传扬福音，就是基督的爱，就是爱人到底。（cf. 约翰福音13:1）
He interpreted for us the paschal mystery as a mystery of divine mercy. In his last book, he wrote: The limit imposed upon evil "is ultimately Divine Mercy" (Memory and Identity, Page 60-61). And reflecting on the assassination attempt, he said: "In sacrificing himself for us all, Christ gave a new meaning to suffering, opening up a new dimension, a new order: the order of love ... It is this suffering which burns and consumes evil with the flame of love and draws forth even from sin a great flowering of good" (Page 189-190). Impelled by this vision, the Pope suffered and loved in communion with Christ, and that is why the message of his suffering and his silence proved so eloquent and so fruitful.
他向我们解释，复活的奥秘就是神的怜悯。在他最后一本书中，他写道：对邪恶的限制“是神至极的怜悯”（Memory and Identity，第60-61页）。思想到有人曾试图刺杀他，他说道：“基督为我们众人舍己，就赋予受难一个新的意义，开辟了一个新的天地，给了一道新的命令：就是爱……基督在受难中，用爱的火烧尽了邪恶，甚至叫善的花朵从罪里大大绽放”（第189-190页）。这样的异像激励他和基督一同受苦，一同爱人。正是因此，他受苦的消息和他的默然无声，比一切雄辩更富有成效。
Divine Mercy: The Holy Father found the purest reflection of God’s mercy in the Mother of God. He, who at an early age had lost his own mother, loved his divine mother all the more. He heard the words of the crucified Lord as addressed personally to him: "Behold your Mother." And so he did as the beloved disciple did: He took her into his own home" (John 19:27) – Totus tuus. And from the mother he learned to con???? himself to Christ.
神的怜悯：圣父在圣母玛利亚的身上看到了神最完全的怜悯。小时候失去母亲的经历使他更加爱圣母。主十字架上的话就好像是对他说的：“看，你的母亲！”因此，他就做了那主所爱的门徒所做的事：“就接她到自己家里去了”（约翰福音19:27）。从这个母亲身上，他学会了顺服基督。
None of us can ever forget how in that last Easter Sunday of his life, the Holy Father, marked by suffering, came once more to the window of the Apostolic Palace and one last time gave his blessing urbi et orbi. We can be sure that our beloved Pope is standing today at the window of the Father’s house, that he sees us and blesses us. Yes, bless us, Holy Father. We entrust your dear soul to the Mother of God, your Mother, who guided you each day and who will guide you now to the eternal glory of her Son, our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen.
我们没有人能够忘记圣父在上个主日，他一生中最后一个复活节里的样子。带着痛楚，他再一次来到使徒宫的窗前，最后一次送出他的祝福。我们确信我们深爱的教宗今天正站在天父家里的窗前，看着我们，祝福我们。是的，祝福我们吧，圣父。我们把宝贵的灵魂交给圣母玛利亚。她也是你的母亲，曾经每天带领你，如今也带着你进入她儿子，我们主耶稣基督永远的荣耀里。阿们。