6. He Teaches and Illumines
Another aspect of the Holy Spirit’s revealing work is teaching certain things to God’s people and illumining their minds so they can understand. Jesus promised this teaching function especially to his disciples when he said that the Holy Spirit “will teach （didaskō）you all things and bring to your remembrance all that I have said to you” (John 14:26) and “will guide you into all the truth” (John 16:13). Moreover, Jesus promised that when his disciples were put on trial because of persecution, the Holy Spirit would teach them at that time what to say (Luke 12:12; cf. Matt. 10:20; Mark 13:11). At other times the Holy Spirit revealed specific information to people—showing Simeon that he would not die until he saw the Messiah, for example (Luke 2:26), revealing to Agabus that a famine would occur (Acts 11:28) or that Paul would be taken captive in Jerusalem (Acts 21:11). In other cases the Holy Spirit revealed to Paul that he would suffer in Jerusalem (Acts 20:23; 21:4), expressly said to Paul things that would happen in the latter days (1 Tim. 4:1), and revealed to him what God has prepared for those who love him (1 Cor. 2:10).
6 祂教导并光照
圣灵之启示工作的另一方面﹐就是教导神百姓﹐并光照他们﹐使他们能够明白（真理）。耶稣是特别向门徒们应许圣灵的这一项教导的功能，耶稣说﹐圣灵 “要将一切的事指教（译者注：希腊文原文用的是didaskō，就是“教导教义”的意思）你们﹐并且要叫你们想起我对你们所说的一切话”（约14:26）﹐祂又说﹕ “祂要引导你们明白一切的真理”（约16:13）﹐ ﹔不只如此﹐祂还应许门徒们﹐当他们因受逼迫而被审问时﹐圣灵将在那个时候教导他们该说的话（“因为正在那时候，圣灵要指教（didaskō）你们当说的话。”（路12:12）﹔另参太10:20﹔ 可13:11）。在其他时候﹐圣灵将特定的讯息启示给人﹐例如祂告诉西面﹐在他未死之前必看见弥赛亚（路2:26）﹔或启示亚迦布﹐天下将要发生饥荒（徒11:28）﹐保罗将在耶路撒冷被囚（徒21:11）﹔或启示保罗﹐他会在耶路撒冷受苦（徒20:23; 21:4）﹔又明显地告诉他﹐在末后的日子将要发生的事（提前4:1）﹐以及向他启示神为那些爱祂之人所预备的（林前2:10）。
The illuminating work of the Holy Spirit is seen in the fact that he enables us to understand: “We have received not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might understand the things freely given us by God” (1 Cor. 2:12). Therefore, “the natural person does not accept the things of the Spirit of God,” but “the spiritual person judges all things” (1 Cor. 2:14–15). We should pray that the Holy Spirit would give us his illumination and thereby help us understand rightly when we study Scripture or when we ponder situations in our lives. Although he did not mention the Holy Spirit specifically, the psalmist prayed for such illumination when he asked God, “Open my eyes, that I may behold wondrous things out of your law” (Ps. 119:18). Similarly, Paul prayed for the Christians in and around Ephesus,
圣灵光照的工作可见于这事实﹕祂使我们能够明瞭﹕ “我们所领受的并不是世上的灵﹐乃是从神来的灵﹐叫我们能知道神开恩赐给我们的事。”（林前2:12）所以﹐ “属血气的人不领会神圣灵的事”﹐但是 “属灵的人能看透万事”（林前2:14-15）。我们应当祷告求圣灵光照﹐帮助我们在读经或思想生活处境时﹐有正确的了解。诗人说﹕ “求你开我的眼睛﹐使我看出你律法中的奇妙。”（诗119:18）虽然诗人在此并没有特别提及圣灵﹐但是他所祷告求神的﹐乃是盼望得著圣灵的光照。另有一个与此相似的例子﹐是保罗为以弗所和其附近地区的基督徒所祷告的﹕
that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give you the Spirit of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of him, having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints, and what is the immeasurable greatness of his power toward us who believe, according to the working of his great might. (Eph. 1:17–19)[1]
“求我们主耶稣基督的神﹐荣耀的父﹐将那赐人智慧和启示的灵（或按NIV译为『圣灵』）赏给你们﹐使你们真知道祂。并且照明你们心中的眼睛﹐使你们知道祂的恩召有何等指望﹐祂在圣徒中得的基业有何等丰盛的荣耀﹔并知道祂向我们这信的人所显的能力﹐是何等浩大﹐就是照祂在基督身上所运行的大能大力﹐使祂从死里复活﹐叫祂在天上坐在自己的右边。”（弗1:17-20）
[1] Wayne Grudem, Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine, Second Edition. (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Academic, 2020), 788–789.
