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90後第二代:看上帝如何更新社會(含音頻)
送交者: 生命季刊 2020年07月23日12:00:21 於 [天下論壇] 發送悄悄話

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上帝如何更新社會


文 | 胡晟宇 筱益譯 婷婷校

北美動態專稿



編者按:本文作者胡晟宇(Sheng Hu)4歲半來美國。大學畢業工作幾年後,於2015年蒙神的呼召就讀三一神學院,獲得道學(MDiv)學位;現於土桑華人基督教會英文堂事奉。

本文為作者的“種族問題淺談”系列文章之四,為筱益弟兄翻譯,婷婷姊妹審校,英文原文附後。本文也將在本教會的網頁及教會微信公眾號“曠野沙漠之州”發表。(教會網頁:http://www.tcccaz.org/race_issue-series_overview/?本刊允准播發,特此致謝。


目前華裔年輕的第二代對“社會公義”、“種族歧視”等議題,與第一代的父母親可能持不同觀點。作者身為在美國長大的90後青年傳道人,力求從聖經角度出發來探討今天年輕人所遇到的挑戰。相信他的文章及證道,會對同代人有啟發,有幫助。


歡迎各位讀者將此文轉發給您的子女或教會中的第二代。


請閱讀作者“種族問題淺談”系列文章:

1.幫助亞裔第二代認清真相(請點擊本文左下方的“閱讀原文,即可讀到這篇文章)

2.華裔90後傳道人呼籲:當舉目仰望(含音頻)


以下音頻為胡晟宇傳道6月28日證道信息(英文),其中內容比文章更加豐富,敬請轉發給讀英文的親友:

以下音頻是本文內容,由昊宇弟兄朗讀:


上帝如何更新社會

SOCIAL RENEWAL GOD’S WAY

(後附英文原文)


我不希望讀者誤解我前幾次寫的,說我不關心我所屬的團體的福祉,即使她要被毀了,也任她被毀。我不是這個意思。我想說的是聖經的方式會讓社會變得更好,能為所有族群增添屬靈的、經濟的、教育和物質的福祉。請不要忘記,領導廢奴運動的是基督徒,創辦這個國家主要學府的是基督徒,建造非洲絕大部分醫院的是基督徒,為我們的道德體系注入人權理念的是基督徒;建立孤兒院和社會福利項目的先驅是基督徒;廢除奴隸買賣,從而避免了政治革命,為西方社會做出巨大貢獻的也是基督徒。


然而,許多基督徒不明白也不想明白,這些是遵行大使命的副產品,卻不是目標。打個比方,一位運動員要想拿獎盃,就得衝過終點線。終點線是目標,獎盃是獎品。如果運動員為了拿獎盃而直接沖向獎台,就要被取消參賽資格。賽跑要衝終點跑;贏了自然拿獎;不能沖獎品跑,那樣會被取消參賽資格。


我們討論任何形式的社會改革,都必須認定這個屬靈原則。這個世界恰恰相反,是在“改變體制就能改善生活”的框架內運作。這種觀念根子上錯了,因為它否認了人的罪性。根據聖經原則,社會繁榮的最大障礙不是法律的不完善,而是人的罪性。

就拿以色列說,上帝賜給他們的摩西律法是完美的(詩篇19:7-9)。凡不符合上帝標準的道德行為、宗教規範和公民社會的期待都被禁止了。以色列是個神權國家,她的法律具有屬靈和政治雙重性,在這兩方面都完美無缺。如果你是基督徒,就不能否認這點。可是,一代過去,一代又來,以色列的歷史就是一部背道史,道德墮落史和災難史。為了解決災難,他們改變政治架構,不行就換人做王,再不行就改朝換代,還不行就換盟友。什麼都試了,什麼都行不通。律法救不了他們。儘管他們擁有完美的律法,卻從來沒有過一個公義的社會。追根溯源,問題不在體制,不在機構,而在人的心裡。人心裡的罪是一切問題的根源。

這就是為什麼耶穌要來,還要死在十字架上。無論過去還是將來,上帝一直希望人有一個公平與公義的社會。為了建立一個公平的社會,上帝先要解決人的罪。耶穌來了,在十字架上為我們的罪付上代價。隨後聖靈使我們重生成為義人,才能真正的守住上帝的律法。

世俗的社會改革之法是從上到下。世人認為,只要改好法律和結構,社會就欣欣向榮。而聖經改變社會的方法是從下到上。福音改變着一個又一個的個人,再改變家庭,然後是社區、城市、州和國家。不先做好磚頭,怎能建好房子?

因此,傳福音救人靈魂與社會改革並不牴觸。我們傳福音,使人重生。越多的靈魂悔改歸向基督,得以成聖,越多正面的社會改革就隨之而來。但,我們要確保我們追求的是目標,而不是目標所產生的結果。

我們要把不合聖經的思想拿來用嗎?

這就引出另一個問題:基督徒要支持或認同反聖經的機構的方法與價值觀嗎?(因為他們畢竟確定了對的東西。)具體地說,“黑人的命也是命”組織(BLM)。

我的回答:斷乎不可!

認同黑人生命寶貴,應該待他們像待所有人一樣,予以尊嚴與尊重,每個基督徒都應該理所當然地認同;這是一碼事;而支持BLM這個組織則是另一碼事。要是你細察他們的官網,就會發現各種各樣的反聖經的觀點和信念,是基督徒無法認同的。我舉幾個例子。

1. 他們要拆除“異性戀思想與觀念”。也就是說,他們反對將異性戀的觀念與生活方式當正常,也反對把同性戀的生活方式當不正常。

2. 他們要拆毀核心家庭結構。BLM宣稱,這是“西方”的社會架構。我不曉得有幾個亞洲人、拉丁美洲人或非洲人讀了這話會不皺眉頭。

3. 更有甚者,也許因為我中國歷史讀的多了點,怎麼覺得BLM的宣言中的遣詞造句不太對勁兒。比如,“帶來美好生活的鬥爭”,似乎在暗示政治與種族鬥爭是歷史的必然,是達到社會平衡的必須。還有“同志”一詞。開什麼玩笑,在美國誰用“同志”這個詞?我在美國生活了二十多年,從來沒聽過誰用這種稱呼。聽起來像他們直接照抄毛主席語錄。

眼下一種常見的觀點是,只要某個運動中有基督徒認可的一些觀點,我們就可以支持這個運動。比如,BLM支持所有人都有自由與公義的權利。基督徒要不要支持這種價值觀?表面上看,要。但是,這個宣告並非自成一體,它出自與基督信仰不相容的Marxism。我們不能單看一種價值觀或行為本身,還要弄清它的根源出自何處。

舉個聖經上安息日的例子。使徒保羅有時禁止守特殊的日子(歌羅西書2:16),有時又允許(羅馬書14:5-6)。為什麼前後的做法不同?前者,假教師混進歌羅西教會,教導世俗的理念,與基督教的理念不相容。守特殊的日子,包括安息日,僅是世俗理念的一項具體要求。歌羅西人要是守特殊的日子,等於順從世俗的理念,否定耶穌的救恩。後者跟羅馬基督徒的生活習慣有關。有些基督徒,通常是猶太人,從小到大守慣特殊日子,成了文化習俗,歸信耶穌後,仍保留了這些習俗。保羅不讓他們把這些習俗當成得救的必須條件強加給外邦人,但允許他們在聖經範圍內守安息日。這種情況下,守安息日不是實踐世俗的理念,僅僅是個人的喜好,並沒有妥協基督徒的世界觀。取決於不同的背景,守安息日有完全不同的意義。一種背景下,它沒有挑戰基督徒的世界觀,沒問題。另一種背景下,守安息日表達了一種反基督教的世界觀,那就不能接受。

同樣,論到種族平等,支持“BLM”表面上看是合適的,沒的說。但是,如果我們把“BLM”放在它的背景下仔細分析,其意義與我們的理解大相徑庭。他們倡導的種族平等並不僅僅是關乎對警察行為的立法改革,後者是一個問題,但不至引發如此的對抗。今天所鼓吹的“平等”是要實踐Marxism。如果我們要倡導平等,可以在不同的背景下去做。但若我們要簡單地迎合時下世俗的“平等”,那就不僅是支持某個議題,而是在支持它背後的整個理念。

有人可能批評我話說得太重。讓我換個方式來說:假設新納粹黨明年開始得勢,他們肯定異性婚姻,反對墮胎,支持宗教自由,但也相信所有有膚色的人都是劣等人種,不能有選舉權,也不可參政。你要不要支持這種運動?我猜支持這種政黨的人不多。其中的一些觀點可以支持,但整個運動背後的思想卻是反聖經的,因為認同它的部分觀點而支持它,等於完全支持它。

預計有人會提出反對意見,我列出一些常見問題,試着解答一下。

1.我們不可能支持一個政黨的所有觀點。最終,我們必須選擇什麼對我們最重要,抓住要點,不必顧慮我們不能認同的那些觀點。

2.每個運動都有好人壞人,都有好的例子壞的例子,好的議題壞的議題。這是難免的。我們不能單挑壞的例子,以偏概全。否則,我們什麼運動都支持不了。

關於第一種反對意見,確實,我們永遠不能認同一個運動所代表的一切。事實上,即使在教會裡,無論哪個宗派,也很少有人同意那個宗派所有的教導。但是,我們可以把議題劃分成主要的,次要的,更次要的。談起BLM運動,它深層的Marxism絕不是小問題,那是明明擺在眼前卻被人們忽略的事實。說到LGBTQ (字母分別代表女同,男同,雙性,變性,不確定)和核心家庭的問題,同樣的道理。(我們討論問題,不能拋開背後的深層的理念。)

關於第二種反對意見,確實,任何運動都不能被參與運動的個體所定義。一些暴力抗議者不能代表所有的抗議者,也不能定義整個BLM運動。這話不假!但是,BLM在其官網上明文昭告他們的信仰,這總能代表這個運動吧。BLM領袖公開宣告他們是“受過訓練的Marxists”,Marism是此運動的基本理念,這應該完全能說明這個運動的性質。

總之,作為基督徒,我們要不要支持所有人都享有公義權,符合聖經的公義?當然!我們要不要追求並享有我們社區乃至整個國家的繁榮與福祉?當然!我們要不要支持所有膚色的人同享為人的尊嚴?當然!但是,正確的方式不是參與、支持或隨從反聖經的運動。上帝早有方案,來解決人內心的渴求。我們應當專注通過傳福音使人的靈魂得重生。如果不是從上帝之井喝這生命之水,我們將發現不僅我們的工作缺乏效率,而且長遠看,那些思想會摧毀教會的合一與教義的完整。

 

SOCIAL RENEWAL GOD’S WAY


By Sheng Hu

 

I do not wish readers to interpret my writings as saying that I do not care about the welfare of my community at all and if it burns down, then so be it. There is a biblical manner to change society for the better and increase the spiritual, economic, educational, physical welfare of all peoples. After all, let us not forget that Christians were primary leaders in the abolitionist movement. Christians created all the major educational institutions in this country. Christians were responsible for having built almost all of the hospitals in Africa. Christians were responsible for instilling the notion of human rights in our moral system. Christians were pioneers in the establishment of social welfare programs and orphanages. Christians have done such services for society as ending the slave trade to staving off political revolutions.

However, what many Christians do not understand, or refuse to understand, is that these are side-effects of the Great Commission, not the goal of the Great Commission. To give you an analogy: a runner who wants the trophy must run to the finish line. The finish line is the goal, the trophy is the prize. If he were to run to the trophy table where the trophy is in an attempt to obtain the trophy, he would be disqualified from the race. You run to the goal and get the prize as a result. You do not run to the prize, you would get disqualified.

Spiritually, this principle must be recognized in our conversation about social reform of any kind. The world right now operates within the framework of “change the system, and you can make life better.” This is fundamentally flawed because it denies the sinful nature of man. Biblically speaking, the greatest obstacle to societal flourishing is not inadequate laws, but the sinful nature of man.

Take Israel, for example, The Mosaic Law given to Israel was perfect (Ps. 19:7-9). It has proscribed moral behavior, religious norms, and civil-societal expectations. Israel was a theocracy; thus, her laws were spiritual and political. And all of it is perfect – as a Christian, you are not allowed to disagree with this. And yet, Israel’s history is one of apostasy, moral corruption, and calamities – generation after generations. They changed their political structure. They changed dynasties. They changed kings. They changed political allies. And yet they failed over and over again. The law was not able to save them. Even though they had a perfect set of laws, they still never had a just society. The problem was not ultimately the system or the institutions, the problem was the sin in the heart of man.

That’s why Jesus had to come and die on a cross. God had always been, and he always will be, concerned about having a just and righteous society. But in order to establish a just society, he needed to deal with the sin of the people in the society. Jesus came and paid for our sins on the cross. The Holy Spirit then regenerates our hearts so that we can be the kind of righteous people who will actually obey the law.

The worldly way of changing society is top-down. It thinks that by changing laws and structures, society will flourish. The biblical way of changing society is bottom-up. The gospel changes individuals one by one. Then families, then neighborhoods, then cities, states, and nation. You cannot build a house without first making individual bricks.

That is why preaching the gospel and saving souls is not incompatible with social change. We preach the gospel and seek individual regeneration. The more individual souls converted and sanctified, the more positive societal changes will follow as a natural result. But we must make sure that we pursue the goal and not the result.

SHOULD WE APPROPRIATE UNBIBLICAL IDEOLOGIES?

This brings me to another question: should Christians affirm or appropriate antibiblical organizations’ methods and values, even if there are some things that they affirm? In particular, I have in mind the organization Black Lives Matter (BLM).

My answer: most definitely not.

It is one thing to affirm that the lives of black Americans are important and to be treated with dignity and respect, just like everybody else – and all Christians should affirm this; this should be taken for granted. It is altogether another thing to affirm the organization that is BLM. A survey of their official website shows various anti-biblical positions and beliefs that no Christian can affirm. Among these include

    1)Their desire to dismantle “heteronormative thinking and beliefs,” which would seem to mean that they object to the notion that heterosexual beliefs and way of life should be considered normal and homosexual lifestyles abnormal. 

    2)Their desire to dismantle the nuclear family structure. According to BLM, it is a “western” social construct. I don’t know how any person from Asia (or Latin America or Africa) can read this without scratching his or her head.

    3)To top that off, maybe I’ve read too much Chinese history, but there are too many phrases and words in their statement that makes me uncomfortable. “Beautiful struggle that is restorative?” That seems to imply that the political/tribal struggle itself is a necessary part of history and social equilibrium. How about the term “comrade?” Seriously, who uses the word “comrade” here in America?! I have literally never heard this term used vernacularly in my 20+ years of being in this country. This sounds like something taken straight out of Mao’s Little Red Book.

Now a common argument is that we can support a movement as long as it has items that we as Christians can agree with. For example, BLM affirms freedom and justice for all. Is that a value to be affirmed as Christians? At face value, yes. However, that statement does not stand by itself. It grows out of a Marxist ideology that is incompatible with Christianity. You cannot analyze a value or an action by itself without identifying where it is growing out of.

Take the biblical example of the sabbath. Paul at times forbade keeping special days (Col. 2:16). At other times, he allowed it (Rom. 14:5-6). What accounts for this divergent practice? In the former case, false teachers had infiltrated the Colossian church and were teaching worldly ideologies. These ideologies were incompatible with Christian ideology. Keeping special days, including Sabbath, merely became one of the applications of this worldly ideology. In submitting to special days, the Colossians would be submitting to the entire false ideology wholesale, which is to deny Christ. However, in the latter case with the Roman Christians, some Christians kept it because they had grown up with it (usually Jews), and thus it was a cultural habit that they kept with them even after they converted to Christianity. While Paul did not allow them to force it upon other Gentile Christians as necessary for salvation, there was a place where they could practice Sabbath-keeping within biblical bounds. Thus, the Sabbath-keeping was not an application of a worldly ideology, but simply one of personal preference that does not compromise or challenge the Christian worldview. Sabbath-keeping takes on different significance depending on the context. In contexts where it does not challenge the Christian worldview, it is fine. But when it is practiced as part of an expression of an anti-Christian worldview, it is unacceptable.

Similarly, when it comes to racial equality, the affirmation that “black lives matter” is, at face value, appropriate and non-negotiable. But when we analyze the context in which it is affirmed, the meaning takes on a whole new dimension. The kind of racial equality being advocated today does not just pertain to legislative reforms on police conduct – which can appropriately stand as an issue in a less polarized conversation. The advocacy of “equality” today is an application of Marxist ideology. If we are to advocate for equality, we may do so in a different context. But if we simply capitulate to the current worldly idea of “equality,” we do not just affirm one specific issue, but the entire ideology behind it.

Some may criticize my analysis as being too heavy. Let me just put it this way: if a Neo-Nazi party started to gain political momentum next year and they affirm heterosexual marriage, they oppose abortion, they support freedom of religion, but they also believe that all people of color are inferior and should not be allowed to vote or hold office. Should you support such a movement? I do not know too many people who would affirm such a party. There are things you can affirm, but the overall movement has an ideology behind it that is anti-biblical, and to support the movement in part will de facto support it as a whole. 

I anticipate some familiar objections at this point, so let me try to identify them and then address them.

    1)We cannot affirm everything a party stands for, so at the end of the day, we must pick and choose which are important and not worry about the one’s we disagree with.

    2)There are good and bad cases/items/individuals in every movement. It is inevitable. Let’s not take bad examples and normalize them. Otherwise, we cannot ever support a movement.

Regarding the first objection, it is true that we will never agree with everything in a movement. In fact, even in the church, rarely do individuals in a denomination agree with everything taught in that denomination. But there are primary, secondary, and tertiary issues. In regard to the BLM movement, the underlying Marxist ideology is not a small issue, it is the elephant in the room. The same can be said regarding the issue of LGBTQ and nuclear family structure. 

Regarding the second objection, it is true that any movement cannot be defined by the individuals in the movement. Some violent individual protesters do not define every protester or the BLM movement as a whole. That is true. However, when you have a website with the movement’s official statement of beliefs clearly written out, that is very representative of the movement. When the leaders of BLM publicly affirm that they are “trained Marxists” and that the underlying ideology of the movement is Marxist, that is very representative of the movement.

In conclusion, should we as Christians affirm justice – biblical justice – for all peoples? Yes. Should we rejoice and desire the welfare and flourishing of our own communities and nation as a whole? Yes. Should we affirm the dignity and humanity of people of every color? Yes. But the proper approach is not to be found in participating, supporting, or even “going along with” anti-biblical movements. God already has a plan to address all of these issues that we as humans deeply long for. We need to focus on the regeneration of souls, which comes through the preaching of the gospel. If we instead drink from other wells, not only will we find our efforts ineffective, but in the long run, these ideologies will destroy both the unity and doctrinal integrity of the church.


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