中文原文:《八陣圖》(杜甫)
功蓋三分國,名成八陣圖。
江流石不轉,遺恨失吞吳。
職老譯文:
Three kingdoms were his mission
but life require lucky fortune
even he found army fashion
the dream was still broken
豌博譯文:
The Octangular Scheme" (By Tang Poet Du Fu)
Feat dominated the Three Kingdoms era,
fame from army deployments octangular.
Stones stuck unturned below flowing river,
in anguish without seizing the Wu power.
文思兄譯文:
The father of the land fighting with the south and north enemies,
The master of military parades achieving great successes;
The battle field survived along the rocks crashed by river,
With regrets of failure in uniting the whole country for ever.
曹雪葵譯文:"The Eight Trigrams"
Emerged from the ebbing Yangtze River,
are a few big stones all left over,
lined in eight trigrams on the shore,
as a historical barrier for the war,
by a man respected then as a god,
who forsaw the splitted land like a tripod.
To unify the states always caused upset,
failed to defeat Wu is his life regret.
曹跋:中文原文才20個字,英文譯文已經N多個字了。可見俺這英文功力多麼二把刀。哈哈。不過也聽說,聯合國文件印刷起來也是中文版本的超省紙。可能一個方塊字能頂好幾個英文單詞吧。
說起杜甫這首《八陣圖》,俺基本上同意他對諸葛亮的評價:
事業上的成就:預見,促成,並維持了當時中國的鼎足三分;
學術上的成就:發明並實踐了兵法中最強悍的陣地戰法“八陣圖”。
但俺對他這句針對諸葛亮的戰略思想所提出的“遺恨失吞吳”不能苟同。他說,諸葛亮的過失是“企圖吞併吳國”,實在是大錯!不吞吳,吳國就會真心實意地跟蜀國聯合起來消滅魏國嗎?魏蜀吳三國,誰都想借其中一國之力去打剩下的那另外一國,而保存自己的實力。結果誰跟誰也難成為真朋友,而相互間永遠是敵人。
所以,俺寧願把這句話解釋為:諸葛亮的過失是“未能吞吳”!為什麼?當時魏最強,吳最弱。蜀國若能吞吳,則成最強,就算不能滅魏,也不至於被魏滅了。可諸葛亮是怎麼做的?他從一開始就沒想到吞吳,所以才把礙他眼的關羽派到邊遠的吳國附近去守荊州,其實他明知道關羽一個人也許守不住。丟失荊州之後,蜀國已經沒有北伐的前沿陣地,那就應該堅守自強,靜觀魏吳之變。因為蜀國地處偏僻,誰也不會先來打他們。楚漢相爭時劉邦“明燒棧道、暗度陳倉”,還有抗日戰爭時期蔣介石躲到重慶,這些都是例證。他卻非要以攻代守,六出祁山去打魏國,結果耗盡國力,缺兵乏將,最後竟然到了“軍中無大將,廖化作先鋒”的地步,反令蜀國最先滅亡。逐句看這首詩:
功蓋三分國,
名成八陣圖。
江流石不轉,--- “石”是主角,指代八陣圖這個遺蹟。“石不轉”有“英雄盡去、遺蹟猶存”的感嘆。
遺恨失吞吳。--- 如俺所言,究竟是“失於企圖吞吳”還是“失於未能吞吳”,諸位見仁見智可也。