譯按:中國古代曾經沉迷於建造邊境高牆,今日美國總統特朗普也執迷於興建墨西哥邊境的現代化隔離牆,牆的意義自古各不相同。 美國近代詩人的詩詞大作《補牆》寓意深刻,可以譏諷一把特朗普。 我的白話文中譯版旨在捕捉到詩人的原意,並附上當年梁實秋大師的譯版可供參考,敬請各位大詩人進一步轉化為新舊詩體。
Mending Wall(補牆)
By Robert Frost
詩作:羅伯特 弗洛斯特 (1874–1963)
Something there is that doesn't love a wall,
有個什麼在和一面牆作對,
That sends the frozen-ground-swell under it,
連牆下面冰凍三尺的地層都隆起了,
And spills the upper boulders in the sun;
光天化日之下牆上大石塊就給落了下來;
And makes gaps even two can pass abreast.
搞出的口子大到能容下兩人齊身而過。
The work of hunters is another thing:
還有就是那些獵人的傑作:
I have come after them and made repair
我常得跟在他們後面補牆
Where they have left not one stone on a stone,
他們總是見不得石頭疊在石頭上,
But they would have the rabbit out of hiding,
他們只管怎麼能把兔子引出窩來,
To please the yelping dogs. The gaps I mean,
怎麼取悅那些狂叫不止的獵犬。 我想牆口也就這麼些鬼用,
No one has seen them made or heard them made,
牆口總是鬼使神差地出現,
But at spring mending-time we find them there.
每年到了維護隔離牆的春季那牆口必然在等待我們。
I let my neighbour know beyond the hill;
我便和山坡另一面的鄰居約好;
And on a day we meet to walk the line
哪天一起沿着牆的兩側走一遍
And set the wall between us once again.
重新把我們之間的隔離牆立起。
We keep the wall between us as we go.
我們前移着同時也被這牆重新圈開。
To each the boulders that have fallen to each.
我們各自處理落到自己一側的石塊。
And some are loaves and some so nearly balls
有的是條狀,有的幾乎是球形
We have to use a spell to make them balance:
壘起來還真需要我們拼湊一番:
"Stay where you are until our backs are turned!"
“你可要挺到我們轉身走開之後啊!”
We wear our fingers rough with handling them.
我們搬石頭的手指都起了繭子。
Oh, just another kind of out-door game,
嗨,就算又耍個戶外把戲啦,
One on a side. It comes to little more:
一人一側。 沒什麼大不了。
There where it is we do not need the wall:
問題是這麼個位置完全無需這個牆:
He is all pine and I am apple orchard.
他那邊全是松而我這邊是蘋果園。
My apple trees will never get across
我的蘋果樹怎麼也跑不到他那邊去
And eat the cones under his pines, I tell him.
吃他樹下的松果,我這麼給他說。
He only says, "Good fences make good neighbours."
他只是說,“好鄰居少不了好籬笆”。
Spring is the mischief in me, and I wonder
我這人每到春天就心懷鬼胎,我就想
If I could put a notion in his head:
怎麼能改造一下他這個榆木腦袋:
"Why do they make good neighbours? Isn't it
“腫麼就有利於睦鄰來着
Where there are cows? But here there are no cows.
難道這裡有奶牛?可這並沒有奶牛。
Before I built a wall I'd ask to know
咱立一面牆之前總先要搞明白
What I was walling in or walling out,
我這倒是為了把什麼圈起來或把什麼擋出去,
And to whom I was like to give offence.
然後我這樣又會得罪誰。
Something there is that doesn't love a wall,
有個什麼不喜歡這個牆,
That wants it down." I could say "Elves" to him,
要拉倒它。 ” 我可以給他說是“鬼”,
But it's not elves exactly, and I'd rather
可說是鬼也不怎麼對,我看這最好還是
He said it for himself. I see him there
讓他來自言自語。 我看到他在那裡
Bringing a stone grasped firmly by the top
緊緊抓着石塊的上頭
In each hand, like an old-stone savage armed.
一手一個,活像一個舊石器時代全副武裝的猛士。
He moves in darkness as it seems to me,
好像只在暗裡鼓搗,
Not of woods only and the shade of trees.
並非幽林或林蔭的那種概念的陰暗。
He will not go behind his father's saying,
他絕不會有悖他父親說過的每句話,
And he likes having thought of it so well
他還是那句老話
He says again, "Good fences make good neighbours."
又來一遍,“好鄰居來自好籬笆。”
補牆(梁實秋版本)
有一點什麼,它大概是不喜歡牆,
它使得牆腳下的凍地漲得隆起,
大白天的把牆頭石塊弄得紛紛落:
使得牆裂了縫,二人並肩都走得過。
士紳們行獵時又是另一番糟蹋:
他們要掀開每塊石頭上的石頭,
我總是跟在他們後面去修補,
但是他們要把兔子從隱處趕出來,
討好那群汪汪叫的狗。我說的牆縫
是怎麼生的,誰也沒看見,誰也沒聽見
但是到了春季補牆時,就看見在那裡。
我通知了住在山那邊的鄰居;
有一天我們約會好,巡視地界一番,
在我們兩家之間再把牆重新砌起。
我們走的時候,中間隔着一垛牆。
我們走的時候,中間隔着一垛培。
落在各邊的石頭,由各自去料理。
有些是長塊的,有些幾乎圓得像球.
需要一點魔術才能把它們放穩當:
“老實呆在那裡,等我們轉過身再落下!”
我們搬弄石頭.把手指都磨粗了。
啊!這不過又是一種戶外遊戲,
一個人站在一邊。此外沒有多少用處:
在牆那地方,我們根本不需要牆:
他那邊全是松樹,我這邊是蘋果園。
我的蘋果樹永遠也不會踱過去
吃掉他松樹下的松球,我對他說。
他只是說:“好籬笆造出好鄰家。”
春天在我心裡作祟,我在懸想
能不能把一個念頭注入他的腦里:
“為什麼好籬笆造出好鄰家?是否指着
有牛的人家?可是我們此地又沒有牛。
我在造牆之前.先要弄個清楚,
圈進來的是什麼,圈出去的是什麼,
並且我可能開罪的是些什麼人家,
有一點什麼,它不喜歡牆,
它要推倒它。”我可以對他說這是“鬼”。
但嚴格說也不是鬼.我想這事還是
由他自己決定吧。我看見他在那裡
搬一塊石頭,兩手緊抓着石頭的上端,
像一個舊石器時代的武裝的野蠻人。
我覺得他是在黑暗中摸索,
這黑暗不僅是來自深林與樹蔭。
他不肯探究他父親傳給他的格言
他想到這句格言,便如此的喜歡,
於是再說一遍,“好籬笆造出好鄰家”。