中學AP政治題，美國的任何一州是否可以自己宣布獨立？

這其實是個好題目：中學AP 政治題，從法理上說，美國的任何一州是否可以宣布自己獨立 without consent from other states?？ Why or why not?

這其實與論壇先前的憲法討論有關。筆者將貼出一系列的憲法討論以澄清一些誤解。

這問題的一個現實意義是可以比較一下歐盟，歐盟是有退出機制的。呵呵

其實很多美國人提出了同樣的問題， Can a state legally secede from the Union? 最高法院大法官安東寧.斯卡利亞給出的回答是 N0.現將他說的理由以英語原文附在這裡：

1) the United States would not be party to a lawsuit on the issue
2) the “constitutional” basis of secession had been “resolved by the Civil War,” and
3) there is no right to secede, as the Pledge of Allegiance clearly illustrates through the line “one nation, indivisible.”

其實早在 1869, In Texas v. White, the United States Supreme Court ruled unilateral secession unconstitutional.  最高法院大法官 Salmon P. Chase 就回答了這問題：
“The union between Texas and the other states was as complete, as perpetual, and as indissoluble as the union between the original states. There was no place for reconsideration or revocation, except through revolution or through consent of the States.”