还是要谢谢这个机会!
先劳pifu01大驾前往GISAID网站 https://www.gisaid.org/epiflu-applications/next-hcov-19-app/
暂别忙着讲解,将主页往下移,请认真阅读主页病毒流行图的构建注释:
This phylogeny shows evolutionary relationships of hCoV-19 (or SARS-CoV-2) viruses from the ongoing novel coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic. This phylogeny shows an initial emergence in Wuhan, China, in Nov-Dec 2019 followed by sustained human-to-human transmission leading to sampled infections. Although the genetic relationships among sampled viruses are quite clear, there is considerable uncertainty surrounding estimates of transmission dates and in reconstruction of geographic spread. Please be aware that specific inferred transmission patterns are only a hypothesis.
Site numbering and genome structure uses Wuhan-Hu-1/2019 as reference. The phylogeny is rooted relative to early samples from Wuhan. Temporal resolution assumes a nucleotide substitution rate of 8 × 10^-4 subs per site per year. Full details on bioinformatic processing can be found here.
以武汉首先检测、确定并公开报告的新冠病毒感染病例为起始点构建的流行图在直观的表面形式上当然只能是“溯源”到武汉了。
但这并不如你所谓一目了然,说武汉毒株是其它后续检测并报告的毒株的共同祖先!!!
很简单,举个不一定恰当的例子。考古学家2019年在武汉发掘出的晚清瓷器不一定是2020年在美国发掘出的前清瓷器的祖辈。
究竟哪个是前清的,哪个是晚清的,得有可靠的科学证据来判断。你是行内人,早就做过phylogenetic tree,应该知道病毒的核酸序列是可靠的科学依据。
那么好,现在请你往下看GISAID的病毒核酸序列进化树。
Phylogenetic context of nCoV in SARS-related betacoronaviruses can be seen HERE.
点击HERE进入病毒的系统发育分析(即进化树);
不妨先与你所谓一目了然的网站首页的图做一比较;
再仔细看SARS-CoV-2(即新冠病毒)分支的进化簇;
移动鼠标到任一进化分支上时,图上会弹出相关的数据注释窗;
点击任一进化分支可以放大该分支的细节。每一进化分支都注明了病毒核酸顺序来源。
然后请填空
病毒进化位置:——————————
若有错误之处,请不吝指教。