Citizen's arrest
A citizen's arrest is an arrest made by a person who is not acting as a sworn law-enforcement official.[1] In common lawjurisdictions, the practice dates back to medieval England and the English common law, in which sheriffs encouraged ordinarycitizens to help apprehend law breakers.
Despite the practice's name, in most countries, the arresting person is usually designated as a person with arrest powers, who need not be a citizen of the country in which they are acting. For example, in the British jurisdiction of England and Wales, the power comes from section 24A(2) of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984,[2] called "any person arrest". This legislationstates "any person" has these powers, and does not state that they need to be a British citizen.
公民被捕
公民被捕是由不是宣誓执法官员的人逮捕的。[1] 在普通法司法管辖区,这种做法可以追溯到中世纪英格兰和英国普通法,其中治安官鼓励普通公民帮助逮捕违法者。
尽管有这种做法的名称,但在大多数国家,逮捕者通常被指定为具有逮捕权的人,他们不一定是他们所在国家的公民。 例如,在英格兰和威尔士的英国司法管辖区,权力来自1984年“警察和刑事证据法”第24A(2)条,[2]称为“任何人被捕”。 该立法规定“任何人”具有这些权力,并未声明他们需要成为英国公民。