萬沐來稿：也談哈勃的外交政策(漢譯英)

萬維讀者網 作者: 萬沐 2007-08-17 15:23:20
翻譯: 銀明超

哈勃政府的外交政策常常被人冠以親美的名號，這既對保守黨和哈勃本人不公平，也有違事實的真相，更矮化了加拿大的國際形象。筆者以為，哈勃的外交政策從以下幾個方面把握可能比較準確。
Mr. Harper himself and his government alike are often considered as pro-Americans. In my humble opinion that is hardly a justifiable statement on Mr. Harper and his Conservative Party. It also runs contrary to the facts and detrimental to a better image of Canada in the international society. We believe Mr. Harper and his government did a better job than what the people gave them credit for in the following ways:
傳統的意識形態色彩明顯，重視正義原則。在利益至上的當今世界外交中，哈勃體現在外交上的價值觀和意識形態信念顯得尤其可貴。儘管哈勃的外交政策受到部分人的指責，比如參與反恐可能帶來對加拿大的恐怖襲擊；人權色彩明顯，將導致國家經濟利益受損；過多地承擔國際義務，也可能使加拿大背上沉重的包袱等等。現我們姑且不論這種以自我利益為主、輕視原則和責任的說法是否符合道義原則，即使從加拿大自身長遠的利益考慮，哈勃的外交方向也不失為一種明智的選擇，因為這不僅提升了加拿大在國際上的形象和地位，有利於在國際事務中增加說話的分量，也是在為自身未來開創一個更和平的世界環境。
Emphasis on traditional values and upholding of justice: In this mundane world Mr. Harper’s opinion of traditional value and ideology in his foreign policy is of special value. Some are blaming his government on issues of foreign affairs, such as placing Canada in jeopardy by participating in the anti-terrorism campaign, stressing Human rights at the sacrifice of the country’s economy benefits, setting Canada under additional international obligations which in fact burdens Canada due to increased foreign aids . Let’s put aside the blame which is based mainly on self interest, and unwillingness to take international responsibilities and uphold principles. I believe Mr. Harper is moving towards the correct direction. In the long run, it will inevitably enhance the image of Canada, gaining ground for Canada to have more influence in international affairs, while at the same time creating a more safe and peaceful environment for Canadians.
繼承並發展了加拿大人道主義外交的傳統。哈勃政府儘管是一個右翼政府，但對世界弱勢群體卻採取了更多更大的援助政策。近年來，加拿大對外援助逐年增加，已成為對第三世界國家援助較多的國家之一，是僅次於美國的世界第二大糧食援助提供國；加拿大的維和部隊更是承擔了戰後地區重建、保衛戰亂地區人民生命財產安全的重大使命。

Although a right wing government, Mr. Harper inherited the tradition of humane foreign policy and continued to support the less developed nations. In recent years Canada has increased output towards foreign aid and has become one of the leading supporting nations to the third world countries, only rivaled by the Americans, Canada places second rank in terms of foreign aid. The Canadian forces also plays a leading role in crucial missions such as the reconstruction of post-war regions, peacekeeping and financial protection of regions undergoing war.
脫歐入美（洲），拓展了自由黨政府以來對外經貿政策。處理好了對美經濟關係，極大穩定了加拿大的對外貿易。因為加拿大近84％的出口是對美國，美國經濟的好壞直接影響加拿大的經濟。美國經濟在2007年增長率很可能為3.3％，這對加拿大是十分重要的，國際貨幣基金組織預測加拿大在今年將是G8國家中發展最快的國家之一，GDP的增長率將可能達到3％以上；同時積極尋求與拉美地區的經濟合作，對中國貿易政策也在務實、有原則的調整之中。
Enriched the foreign trade policy by the xxxxer Liberals: Economic relations between Canada and the States are handled in a proper way, as a result of which foreign trade is stabilized. We know for a fact that 80% of our export goes to the south of the border, the economic status in the states has the most direct impact on our economy. The GDP growth rate in the States might well be around 3.3% and this is good news to Canada. IMF predicts that Canada may take the lead in its economic development among G8 countries with a predicted GDP growth well above 3%. For the time being, the government is actively involved in the quest of economic co-operations with the Latin American countries. The trade relationship with China is to be adjusted within the framework of principles.
在原則問題上對美國說“不”。我認為哈勃在對美關係上既堅持了儘可能的平等互利的合作，同時更突出了獨立自主、大國外交的風範。在布什單方面公布加拿大公民入美國境內必須攜帶護照的情況下，哈珀沒有給予反對，接着又與美國重簽《北美航空防禦協定》，發展與美國的防禦一體化，許多人以此作為哈勃對美國亦步亦趨的憑據，其實這恰恰體現了在反恐、國防問題上哈勃外交思想的開明與務實。一方面美國在入境問題上嚴格程序，本來就是針對恐怖勢力，加拿大盡力配合亦屬份內之事，如果反對，等於給反恐製造麻煩；而現代戰爭的特點也要求加美防禦必須一體化，藉助美國提升加國的防禦能力，比起獨自建立一套防禦體系或者完全的不設防，都是更好的選擇。而在加美有真正利益衝突的方面，哈勃則堅持了鮮明的主權原則，如多次去北極地區宣示加拿大的主權，並積極加強該地區的局勢實力，就是對美國的公開示威；尤其最近哈勃高調出訪美國勢力薄弱的拉美地區，分明已經在與美國暗暗爭取地區的主導權了。
Say ‘No’ to the US in matters of principle. We think Mr. Harper has done an excellent job in Canadian – US relations on the basis of mutual benefits without losing the charm of being a self-reliant diplomatic power. Mr. Harper secured his speech when the US president George W. Bush made his announcement that the entry into US by Canadians has to be done by carrying passports. After this incident he renewed the North America Aerospace Defense with the US, integrating national defense into that of the US. That is why some critics think that Mr. Harper is a close follower of the States. .but the truth is the opposite; it is an indication that Mr. Harper is a practical, open-minded leader in issues such as anti-terrorism and relevant matters. Canada is doing its part in coordination with the US effort to cleanse terrorism. If Mr. Harper had said ‘No’ to Mr. Bush in that respect, then it would only produce more obstacles in the war on terrorism. Modern warfare requires that Canada and the US act as one in defense.
Strengthening our defense by integrating into the defense of the States is a better option compared to the alternatives of setting up our own defense or declaring neutrality. But in matters involving Canadian – US interest conflict, Mr. Harper opted to exercise sovereignty by going to the pole, for example, and sending more troops to the pole etc. If this is not a demonstration of protest against the US in relevant matters, what could it be? That recently Mr. Harper flew all the way to the Latin American countries where the American influence is weak could well be interpreted as a concrete step for regional influence.
哈勃主政一年多來，外交上小的失誤是有的，但大方向是正確而且富有創意的，隨着哈勃政府外交工作的開展，加拿大的大國形象在國際社會有望得到進一步提升。
Mr. Harper has been on the harness for over a year by now, and he has made undeniable mistakes which are only too human, but the overall perxxxxance is on the right track and even could be considered as creative. With the development of foreign affairs accomplished by his government, Canada will enter a new stage in world affairs.
譯者簡介

銀明超, 1982年大慶石油學院化學師資班畢業.在校間學業稀鬆,十幾年後因申請加拿大移民時不慎被兒子偷窺到大學成績單被刮了鼻子: ”全是3分,羞!’.
喜歡舞文弄墨; 曾在萬維和文學城貼了一個自傳體的 ”往事隨筆”,得到的很高的點擊數.
出來前曾在大慶油田化學助劑廠化驗室任工程師,後來被改任工人崗位.,再後來就在>任編輯, 再後來被一股風颳到了大洋彼岸的加拿大.在那裡曾做清潔工,光線儀器組裝工,電子線路設計工程師, 然後是出租車司機,今天忽然接到前老闆的電話;後天俺就要變成數據庫程序員了.
一次來加拿大的一位朋友評論俺:”你這樣的人才很難找!”. 咳,看來我的酒錢沒白花..