万沐来稿：也谈哈勃的外交政策(汉译英)

万维读者网 作者: 万沐 2007-08-17 15:23:20
翻译: 银明超

哈勃政府的外交政策常常被人冠以亲美的名号，这既对保守党和哈勃本人不公平，也有违事实的真相，更矮化了加拿大的国际形象。笔者以为，哈勃的外交政策从以下几个方面把握可能比较准确。
Mr. Harper himself and his government alike are often considered as pro-Americans. In my humble opinion that is hardly a justifiable statement on Mr. Harper and his Conservative Party. It also runs contrary to the facts and detrimental to a better image of Canada in the international society. We believe Mr. Harper and his government did a better job than what the people gave them credit for in the following ways:
传统的意识形态色彩明显，重视正义原则。在利益至上的当今世界外交中，哈勃体现在外交上的价值观和意识形态信念显得尤其可贵。尽管哈勃的外交政策受到部分人的指责，比如参与反恐可能带来对加拿大的恐怖袭击；人权色彩明显，将导致国家经济利益受损；过多地承担国际义务，也可能使加拿大背上沉重的包袱等等。现我们姑且不论这种以自我利益为主、轻视原则和责任的说法是否符合道义原则，即使从加拿大自身长远的利益考虑，哈勃的外交方向也不失为一种明智的选择，因为这不仅提升了加拿大在国际上的形象和地位，有利于在国际事务中增加说话的分量，也是在为自身未来开创一个更和平的世界环境。
Emphasis on traditional values and upholding of justice: In this mundane world Mr. Harper’s opinion of traditional value and ideology in his foreign policy is of special value. Some are blaming his government on issues of foreign affairs, such as placing Canada in jeopardy by participating in the anti-terrorism campaign, stressing Human rights at the sacrifice of the country’s economy benefits, setting Canada under additional international obligations which in fact burdens Canada due to increased foreign aids . Let’s put aside the blame which is based mainly on self interest, and unwillingness to take international responsibilities and uphold principles. I believe Mr. Harper is moving towards the correct direction. In the long run, it will inevitably enhance the image of Canada, gaining ground for Canada to have more influence in international affairs, while at the same time creating a more safe and peaceful environment for Canadians.
继承并发展了加拿大人道主义外交的传统。哈勃政府尽管是一个右翼政府，但对世界弱势群体却采取了更多更大的援助政策。近年来，加拿大对外援助逐年增加，已成为对第三世界国家援助较多的国家之一，是仅次于美国的世界第二大粮食援助提供国；加拿大的维和部队更是承担了战后地区重建、保卫战乱地区人民生命财产安全的重大使命。

Although a right wing government, Mr. Harper inherited the tradition of humane foreign policy and continued to support the less developed nations. In recent years Canada has increased output towards foreign aid and has become one of the leading supporting nations to the third world countries, only rivaled by the Americans, Canada places second rank in terms of foreign aid. The Canadian forces also plays a leading role in crucial missions such as the reconstruction of post-war regions, peacekeeping and financial protection of regions undergoing war.
脱欧入美（洲），拓展了自由党政府以来对外经贸政策。处理好了对美经济关系，极大稳定了加拿大的对外贸易。因为加拿大近84％的出口是对美国，美国经济的好坏直接影响加拿大的经济。美国经济在2007年增长率很可能为3.3％，这对加拿大是十分重要的，国际货币基金组织预测加拿大在今年将是G8国家中发展最快的国家之一，GDP的增长率将可能达到3％以上；同时积极寻求与拉美地区的经济合作，对中国贸易政策也在务实、有原则的调整之中。
Enriched the foreign trade policy by the xxxxer Liberals: Economic relations between Canada and the States are handled in a proper way, as a result of which foreign trade is stabilized. We know for a fact that 80% of our export goes to the south of the border, the economic status in the states has the most direct impact on our economy. The GDP growth rate in the States might well be around 3.3% and this is good news to Canada. IMF predicts that Canada may take the lead in its economic development among G8 countries with a predicted GDP growth well above 3%. For the time being, the government is actively involved in the quest of economic co-operations with the Latin American countries. The trade relationship with China is to be adjusted within the framework of principles.
在原则问题上对美国说“不”。我认为哈勃在对美关系上既坚持了尽可能的平等互利的合作，同时更突出了独立自主、大国外交的风范。在布什单方面公布加拿大公民入美国境内必须携带护照的情况下，哈珀没有给予反对，接着又与美国重签《北美航空防御协定》，发展与美国的防御一体化，许多人以此作为哈勃对美国亦步亦趋的凭据，其实这恰恰体现了在反恐、国防问题上哈勃外交思想的开明与务实。一方面美国在入境问题上严格程序，本来就是针对恐怖势力，加拿大尽力配合亦属份内之事，如果反对，等于给反恐制造麻烦；而现代战争的特点也要求加美防御必须一体化，借助美国提升加国的防御能力，比起独自建立一套防御体系或者完全的不设防，都是更好的选择。而在加美有真正利益冲突的方面，哈勃则坚持了鲜明的主权原则，如多次去北极地区宣示加拿大的主权，并积极加强该地区的局势实力，就是对美国的公开示威；尤其最近哈勃高调出访美国势力薄弱的拉美地区，分明已经在与美国暗暗争取地区的主导权了。
Say ‘No’ to the US in matters of principle. We think Mr. Harper has done an excellent job in Canadian – US relations on the basis of mutual benefits without losing the charm of being a self-reliant diplomatic power. Mr. Harper secured his speech when the US president George W. Bush made his announcement that the entry into US by Canadians has to be done by carrying passports. After this incident he renewed the North America Aerospace Defense with the US, integrating national defense into that of the US. That is why some critics think that Mr. Harper is a close follower of the States. .but the truth is the opposite; it is an indication that Mr. Harper is a practical, open-minded leader in issues such as anti-terrorism and relevant matters. Canada is doing its part in coordination with the US effort to cleanse terrorism. If Mr. Harper had said ‘No’ to Mr. Bush in that respect, then it would only produce more obstacles in the war on terrorism. Modern warfare requires that Canada and the US act as one in defense.
Strengthening our defense by integrating into the defense of the States is a better option compared to the alternatives of setting up our own defense or declaring neutrality. But in matters involving Canadian – US interest conflict, Mr. Harper opted to exercise sovereignty by going to the pole, for example, and sending more troops to the pole etc. If this is not a demonstration of protest against the US in relevant matters, what could it be? That recently Mr. Harper flew all the way to the Latin American countries where the American influence is weak could well be interpreted as a concrete step for regional influence.
哈勃主政一年多来，外交上小的失误是有的，但大方向是正确而且富有创意的，随着哈勃政府外交工作的开展，加拿大的大国形象在国际社会有望得到进一步提升。
Mr. Harper has been on the harness for over a year by now, and he has made undeniable mistakes which are only too human, but the overall perxxxxance is on the right track and even could be considered as creative. With the development of foreign affairs accomplished by his government, Canada will enter a new stage in world affairs.
译者简介

银明超, 1982年大庆石油学院化学师资班毕业.在校间学业稀松,十几年后因申请加拿大移民时不慎被儿子偷窥到大学成绩单被刮了鼻子: ”全是3分,羞!’.
喜欢舞文弄墨; 曾在万维和文学城贴了一个自传体的 ”往事随笔”,得到的很高的点击数.
出来前曾在大庆油田化学助剂厂化验室任工程师,后来被改任工人岗位.,再后来就在>任编辑, 再后来被一股风刮到了大洋彼岸的加拿大.在那里曾做清洁工,光线仪器组装工,电子线路设计工程师, 然后是出租车司机,今天忽然接到前老板的电话;后天俺就要变成数据库程序员了.
一次来加拿大的一位朋友评论俺:”你这样的人才很难找!”. 咳,看来我的酒钱没白花..