2021-10-6
大陸最近在熱播抗美神劇《長津湖》,手邊正好有一部1982年出版的《朝鮮戰爭不為人知的故事》(Korea - The Untold Story of the War)。
書中有一些珍貴的照片,還有對戰爭細節的描述,都慘不忍睹。在第十五章《海軍陸戰隊脫離險境》的結尾處,對這次戰役中美雙方兩軍傷亡的總結如下:
美軍傷3,508人,死910人(Between October 26 and December 15 the 1st Marine Division had 4418 battle casualties - 604 killed in action, 114 dead of wounds,192 missing in action, 3,508 wounded in action. There were another 7,313 non-battle casualties, mostly minor frostbite or indigestion cases quickly returned to duty. In addition, 8 marine pilots were killed, 4 missing, another 3 wounded.)。
志願軍傷12,500人,死25,000人(By their own admission in documents captured later in the war, the Chinese opposing the marines suffered 37,500 casualties - 15,000 killed and 7,500 wounded by marine ground forces, plus 10,000 killed and 5,000 wounded by air operations.)。
實際上的數字,應該遠不止如此,因為參加此次戰役的中國人民志願軍第九集團軍轄下的第20軍、第26軍和第27軍共約16萬人,都被打殘了,不得不在朝鮮戰爭最為關鍵的數周,撤離了朝鮮戰場,而美軍第一師則輕傷不下火線,重振旗鼓,以利再戰。
自己在長津湖精心布下了口袋,精銳盡出,以多對少,以逸待勞,瓮中捉鱉,卻以死王近三十倍的巨大代價,讓頑敵逃逸,毫髮無損。
所謂內戰內行,外戰外行,長津湖就是一個很好的腳註。