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 讀讀下面兩篇文章之後，或許你能夠為自己節省大量的汽車保險費。裡面有很多名堂是你的保險經紀和保險公司所不願意讓你知道的。

10 things your auto insurer won't say

1. "When I say this is a good policy, I mean it's good for me."

Although agents can help you navigate auto policies, some may not have your best interests at heart. Often, large auto and home insurers use "contingent" commissions to compensate agents who sold their policies. These fees come in two types: "steering" commissions, for signing customers with a particular carrier, and profit-based commissions, when clients don't file a lot of costly claims. The concern with the former is that unscrupulous agents push certain policies to reap larger commissions; with the latter, they might delay or discourage claims.

How can you protect yourself? Ask about commissions, and have prospective agents explain their recommendations.

2. "Young drivers can't catch a break."

Statistics show that drivers under age 25, especially males, are in a high-risk group and have difficulty getting insured. But the specifics are startling: Drivers in New York under age 19 pay a median auto insurance rate that is more than 100% higher than drivers ages 60 to 74, according to a 2009 survey published on InsuranceRates.com.

It typically takes three years of driving experience to be quoted a lower rate, according to AllInsuranceInfo.org. But there are other ways to ensure a better rate in the short term. For example, avoid sports cars and opt for a car with a lower engine capacity. Saving on insurance

Also, ask your insurer for ways to score a lower premium.

According to information posted on AllInsuranceInfo.org, some insurers will give a lower rate to young drivers who complete defensive-driving courses.

3. "Spotty credit? That'll cost you."

Since the 1990s, insurers have discovered a strong correlation between low credit scores and lots of claims. Today, more than 90% of insurers use credit histories in their underwriting, according to the Insurance Information Institute in New York. Although consumer advocates say that unfairly penalizes the poor, it can also bite the middle class, says Birny Birnbaum, the executive director at the Center for Economic Justice. After all, "87% of families in bankruptcy are there because of a job loss, medical catastrophe or divorce," he says.

Because many insurers do factor in credit histories, it's important to get a credit report from each of the three major bureaus -- TransUnion, Experian and Equifax -- and check them for errors before you shop for insurance. (Free reports are available once a year from AnnualCreditReport.com.)

4. "How do we set premiums? That's for us to know and you to find out."

As insurers continue to adopt complex pricing systems, not everyone is seeing savings. Why the disparity? For starters, premiums vary widely by state. According to a 2007 study from the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, the average yearlong policy in 2005 cost $949, ranging from a low of $664 in Iowa to a high of $1,343 in the District of Columbia.

What has muddied the waters even further are the formulas used to set premiums for individuals. Twenty years ago, most insurers sorted customers into four or five pricing tiers, based on where they lived, their ages and their driving records. Over the past decade, hundreds of variables have been added to the mix, including credit histories, homeownership and limits on past policies. Because each insurer interprets these variables differently, it's even tougher for consumers to get a handle on the system.

5. "Your repaired car might look and run like new, but it's worth a lot less."

As many policyholders know, when the other party's insurer is paying for repairs after an accident, you have the right to opt for original manufacturer parts instead of generic after-market ones. But even with the best parts and service in the world, a fully repaired vehicle will often be worth less as a used car or trade-in than an identical car without the accident history.

Luckily, it's not a total loss -- even if you can't collect diminished value, you can probably write it off on your tax return (consult your tax adviser). That's why it's a good idea to hire a post-repair inspector, both to ensure that the work was done properly and to assess diminished value.

6. "Totaled your car? Good luck collecting its full value."

Policyholders may be surprised that insurance companies don't typically get their valuations from such standard sources as Kelley Blue Book or Edmunds.com. Instead, many use claims servicing companies, which consult proprietary databases to assess valuation. Some firms canvass dealerships in local markets to build a database of comps.

If your car is totaled, you needn't accept the insurer's first offer. Go to Edmunds.com or AutoTrader.com to find better comps, and call the sellers listed on the insurer's report to verify their prices. No dice? If it's a matter of $1,000 or more, hire your own appraiser and go through an appraisal-arbitration process.

7. "And we're more likely than ever to declare your car totaled."

Given the haircut you're likely to take when replacing your totaled car, many policyholders would prefer to have repairs covered in all but the most severe accidents. But that's becoming increasingly difficult.

What constitutes "totaled"? An insurer's rule of thumb is to deem a car totaled when repairs would exceed 70% of the vehicle's value. And if your car's frame is damaged, it can remain a safety hazard even when repaired. But if the damage is limited to a few minor, albeit expensive, components, you can appeal your insurer's decision to total it.

8. "Your mechanic works for us."

The auto insurance industry has long relied on direct-repair programs, which function like HMOs for ailing cars, with insurers maintaining lists of recommended repair facilities. In the past decade, some insurers have taken the relationship a step further; in 2001, Allstate announced it was buying a nationwide chain of repair shops.

Whether it's a network of preferred providers or outright ownership, such coziness between insurers and body shops makes consumer advocates wary. It lets the insurers take too much control over the repair process. And when you have pressure to keep costs low, you sometimes see shortcuts in repairs.

More often than not, you have a choice whether to use an insurer-recommended shop. So should you? It's convenient, and in some cases, policyholders who take their cars there can get their deductible reduced or waived. If you do take the "in network" route, hire a post-repair inspector to make sure repairs are done properly.

9. "Brand loyalty is for suckers."

As more insurers adopt elaborately tiered pricing strategies, rates may differ dramatically from company to company. You might be better off comparison-shopping once a year rather than automatically renewing your policy, especially if your own circumstances change. Start by getting online quotes from Geico and Progressive Direct. Also, ask an independent agent for quotes, as well as companies such as Allstate and State Farm.

10. "But be careful switching carriers -- it could cost you."

No doubt you've seen the warnings in your policy that not paying your premiums can cause your policy to be canceled. It might lead you to think that when you want to switch carriers, dropping the old insurer is as simple as stopping payment. Not so. If you don't pay a bill for the next term, chances are your carrier won't simply cancel the policy -- it may also report your nonpayment to the credit bureaus. (Most insurers are required to give you a certain number of days' notice before cancellation.) Also, your new carrier will see a cancellation in your history, which could mean you'll pay higher rates or be declined.

To avoid the issue, get the proper documentation. Ask your current carrier for a policy cancellation form, and make sure the timing is right -- that the ending date of your old policy coincides with the start date of your new one.

This article was updated and adapted from the book "1,001 Things They Won't Tell You: An Insider's Guide toSpending, Saving, and Living Wisely," by Jonathan Dahl and the editors of SmartMoney.

7 ways to overpay for car insurance

Are you wasting money on auto insurance? There's a good chance the answer is yes -- not because you are a bad or high-risk driver, but because you overlook some of the best ways to save.

Here are seven ways you may be wasting hundreds of dollars on car insurance.

1. Failing to comparison shop

You may be the type of driver who sticks with an insurance company year after year, through thick and thin. And in some cases, that's just fine, says Christie Hyde, a spokeswoman for the American Automobile Association. If you have a solid history with an insurance company, that could be your best option, she said.

However, it can't hurt to shop around. In some cases, you could save a lot of money by switching to a different provider. You may also gain new insights into possible holes in your coverage simply by having an outside agent provide "another set of eyes" to look over your insurance needs.

For that reason, Hyde says it's a good idea to take an annual look around at what's available.

"We recommend doing it once a year, when you have your policy come up for renewal," she says.

2. Not combining policies

Most insurance companies provide deep discounts if you have both your home insurance and auto insurance policies with the same provider, says Angela Preciado, the auto product management director at USAA in San Antonio.

"If you can combine multiple policies with the same company, you can save big," she says.

Saving on insurance

Many auto insurance companies, such as Allstate and Farm Bureau, advertise multipolicy discounts that can shave 10% or more off your premium.

Hyde also urges drivers to see if they can save by keeping multiple insurance policies with one provider.

"When you package it together, you can see some cost savings," she says.

3. Keeping car insurance deductibles too low

If your deductibles are small, your premiums may be too high.

Increasing your deductible from $200 to $500 could lower your premium by about 20%, according to the Insurance Information Institute.

However, if you do raise your deductible, make sure you have access to enough money to pay your deductible in case you need to make a claim, Preciado says.

Keep the money in an emergency savings account you won't touch unless you cause an accident, she says. If you never file a claim, you keep the savings. Either way, you won't waste money on higher premiums.

4. Not asking for discounts for which you are eligible

Teen drivers with good grades in school may receive discounts for auto insurance, Preciado says.

In addition, members of some organizations, such as AARP or a college alumni association, often receive discounts for auto insurance.

Hyde says there's no guarantee that membership in an organization like AAA will save you money on car insurance. But many members do find savings, plus emergency road assistance, discounts on shopping and other benefits, she says.

"Better rates on insurance could be one of those benefits," she says.

Talk to your insurance agent to see if you qualify for special car insurance discounts.

Also, ask your agent about other discounts for which you may be eligible, such as a good-driver discount or a premium reduction for having anti-theft features in your vehicle.

5. Paying unnecessary fees

Some auto insurance companies charge you a service fee each time you make a monthly payment, Preciado says. The amount is usually between $1 and $7 each month -- which can add up.

To lower auto insurance rates, look for companies that don't charge extra for monthly payments, Preciado says. Or, save up and pay the entire premium when it's due, eliminating the need for monthly charges.

"In my opinion, it is plain silly to pay an extra fee just to make the payment that you're already required to make," Preciado says.

6. Buying coverage that won't pay off

If you have an older car that isn't worth a lot of money, it may not make sense to pay for comprehensive or collision insurance, Preciado says.

That's because any claim you make probably won't exceed the amount you'd pay in premiums over many years and the deductible by a significant amount, she says. So consider dropping the coverage.

You may also be wasting money if you already have health and disability insurance, and maintain coverage for medical payments as part of your auto insurance policy.

Medical payments coverage requirements vary by state. So before dropping any policies, check with your agent or state department of insurance to understand what's required, she says.

7. Forgetting savings from mileage reductions

If your commuting distance to work has decreased, or you're not working at all, you may be eligible for a low-mileage discount, Preciado says.

According to the Consumer Federation of America, policyholders who reduce the number of miles they drive each year to less than 10,000 could save, on average, roughly $100 off their annual premiums.

If you've changed your driving usage, make sure your agent knows, Preciado says.

This article was reported by Margarette Burnette for Insurance.com.