雇員對公司CEO的認可率到底由什麼決定？

2010年是美國經濟在金融危機之後“觸底反彈”的一年，嚴格來說，底部應該在2009年的春天，2-3月份的樣子，如果我們以股市的表現來看的話。問題是，股市作為經濟狀況的晴雨表，很多時候有大約半年左右的超前期。這樣算來，經濟的底部就應該是2009年8-9月份的樣子。如此看來，員工最“不高興”的一年，就該是2009年了。很多人在這一年沒有拿到原本每年不可少的年終獎，就是一種“證明”吧。

那麼，在危機之後開始開心的員工，在2010年對公司CEO的認可率，相比“艱難”的2009年，會有些什麼變化呢？看看下表的結果，你可能會感到吃驚。

那麼，我要問：到底是什麼因素決定了雇員對公司CEO的認可呢？注意到，這種認可還和普通民眾對總統的認可不同，總統是民眾選舉產生的，民眾是總統的“老闆”。而公司的CEO是股東通過董事會“選舉”產生的，代表的是股東的利益，股東才是CEO的“老闆”。雇員充其量只是CEO的“幕僚”、“助手”。

這樣一來，就有很多有趣的問題值得思考：

第一，股東的認可和雇員的認可有哪些差別？谷歌CEO的認可率上升，一定程度上是收買的效果：谷歌員工在2010年所獲得的年度10%的加薪，外加公司持續的擴大雇員隊伍，不僅給雇員帶來了工作上的安全感，而且，還給雇員額外的實實在在的經濟利益。這樣的老闆，當然是沒有多少人會不喜歡的。而雅虎的老闆，不僅沒有錢可以用來收買雇員，而且還不得不“殘酷”地繼續裁員，讓大家每天生活在吃飯不香，寢食不安的狀態，這樣的CEO，又怎麼可能會有人喜歡上她呢？說到底，還是一個窮字，對嗎？好像也不是。微軟很有錢，它的雇員也不是很喜歡它的CEO。

第二，雇員的認可率和股東的認可率有什麼關係嗎？差別在哪裡？

第三，這兩者的認可率和公司的股價變化有什麼關係嗎？

第四，影響員工認可率巨大變化的是什麼因素？從這裡的比較看，似乎是公司業績的巨大改進，至少對於EBAY的員工是這樣。這家公司的股價表現，在這段時間內，在這些公司之間算是“業績非凡”了，僅次於蘋果公司。股價業績最差是雅虎，還不及相關指數的業績。其它的幾家公司和指數相比，我看也就是個半斤八兩的差別。

更細的分析，看來，還是只能由專業人士來完成了。這需要大量的統計和分析工作。

附錄：Yahoo CEO Bartz's Popularity Among Employees Declines -Report

7:09 AM ET 4/1/11 | Dow Jones

By John Letzing

Yahoo Inc. (YHOO) Chief Executive Carol Bartz, hired slightly more than two years ago to revamp the embattled Internet giant, has seen her popularity among employees fall sharply during the past year, according to a report scheduled to be published Friday.

Career website Glassdoor.com said in the report that Bartz's approval rating among employees slid to 50% for the year ended March 15, compared with 77% in the prior year.

Despite the steep decline, Glassdoor.com notes that Bartz's rating remains above the 34% that her predecessor, company co-founder Jerry Yang, had when he stepped down in late 2008.

Other high-profile technology CEOs also saw their popularity among employees dip in the past year, the report said, including Microsoft Corp.'s (MSFT) Steve Ballmer, whose approval rating fell to 40% from 46%, and Oracle Corp.'s (ORCL) Larry Ellison, who saw his dip to 73% from 77%.

But Bartz, who has sought to instill a new sense of direction at Yahoo following a trying period that saw it fend off a takeover bid from Microsoft, and lose a significant portion of the online search market to Google Inc. (GOOG), saw the most noticeable decline.

A Yahoo spokeswoman declined to comment.

During her tenure, Yahoo's Bartz has sealed a partnership with Microsoft that has the two companies pooling resources in order to better compete with Google in the search market, while seeking to streamline operations, manage costs more efficiently and boost profit margins.

Bartz has also overseen rounds of layoffs: Yahoo announced plans in December to lay off 4% of its work force, which followed a 5% staff reduction in 2009.

Shares of Yahoo have risen about 38% since Bartz's appointment was announced Jan. 13, 2009, compared with a nearly 80% gain for the Nasdaq Composite Index over the same period. The shares closed Thursday down slightly at $16.68.

Some of Bartz's peers saw their approval ratings rise among employees during the past year, according to the Glassdoor report.

Google CEO Eric Schmidt, who is expected to step aside April 4, saw his approval rating among employees rise to 96% from 93% during the period, according to the report.

After reporting results for 2010 that included sharp gains in profit and sales, Google awarded a 10% salary increase to all employees this year, while it seeks to set a new annual record for hiring.

EBay Inc. (EBAY) CEO John Donahoe saw the sharpest improvement in approval rating among employees during the past year, as his mark improved to 46% from 24%, according to the report.

Apple Inc. (AAPL) CEO Steve Jobs's approval rating among employees fell to 95% in the past year from 98% in the prior year, the report said.