女性性功能低下何時會成為問題？

一項關於性功能低下相關困擾因素的系統性綜述

When is low sexual function problematic for women? A systematic review of factors associated with distress about low sexual function

——《性醫學雜誌》第22卷第10期，2025年10月——

Volume 22, Issue 10, October, 2025

【摘要】引言：雖然許多女性會經歷性慾和性喚起水平低下、性高潮困難或性交疼痛，但只有相對較少的女性會因此感到性功能障礙而感到困擾。對性功能低下的困擾是診斷性功能障礙的必要條件。然而，目前尚不清楚為什麼有些女性會感到困擾，而有些女性則不會。目的：本研究旨在系統地回顧與絕經前女性性功能低下困擾相關的因素。方法：於2025年1月1日檢索了六個數據庫（CINAHL、心理學和行為科學文集、PubMed、Web of Science、PsycNET、Scopus）。使用混合方法評估工具對每項研究的質量進行評估。結果：共有19項研究符合納入標準。大多數樣本由異性戀女性組成，且大多數文章集中於性交疼痛障礙。與性功能低下困擾相關的因素可歸納為四個方面：性因素、心理因素、關係因素和伴侶相關因素。性困擾與性功能低下程度、抑鬱或焦慮症狀、性不滿意、不良的伴侶溝通、伴侶支持不足以及伴侶的性困擾和性不滿意呈正相關。結論：性滿意度和伴侶關係因素會影響女性是否將性功能低下視為問題。然而，還需要更多研究來調查非異性戀女性以及在性喚起、性慾和性高潮方面報告性功能低下的女性的性困擾情況。

【關鍵詞】女性性功能障礙，女性，性困擾，性問題，性功能

[Abstract] Introduction: While many women experience low levels of sexual desire and arousal, difficulty orgasming, or pain during intercourse, relatively few reports distress about their sexual functioning. Distress about low sexual function is necessary for a sexual dysfunction to be diagnosed. However, it is not clear why some women report distress while others do not. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to review systematically factors associated with distress about low sexual function among premenopausal women. Methods: Six databases (CINAHL, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycNET, Scopus) were searched on January 1, 2025. The quality of each study was evaluated using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results: Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Most samples consisted of women in a heterosexual relationship, and the majority of articles focused on sexual pain disorders. Factors associated with distress about low sexual function were grouped into four factors: sexual, psychological, relationship, and partner-related. Sexual distress was positively associated with severity of low sexual function, depressive, or anxiety symptoms, sexual dissatisfaction, poor relationship communication, low partner support, and partner’s sexual distress and dissatisfaction. Conclusion: Sexual satisfaction and relational factors influence whether women experience low sexual function as problematic. However, more research is needed to investigate sexual distress among women who are not in a heterosexual relationship, and those reporting low sexual functioning in domains of sexual arousal, desire, and orgasm.

[Key words] female sexual dysfunction, women, sexual distress, sexual problems, sexual function 

論文原文：Teagan Stotz, Jessica L Mackelprang, Astrid Harkin, Danielle Hunt, Simone Buzwell (2025). When is low sexual function problematic for women? A systematic review of factors associated with distress about low sexual function. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, Volume 22, Issue 10, Pages 1827–1838, October 2025.

https://doi.org/10.1093/jsxmed/qdaf192

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